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  1. The oral lymphoepithelial cyst (LEC) is a rare, soft-tissue, developmental cyst, initially presented by Gold in 1962 as a “branchial cleft cyst”. It may occur in the pancreas, tongue, neck, and other regions o...

    Authors: Sana Iqbal, Sufyan Ahmed and Mehwash Kashif
    Citation: Bulletin of the National Research Centre 2021 45:111
  2. Tea is an important plantation crop in India and world. Introduction of fertilisers and pesticides for better production polluted tea garden soils. Phosphates in agricultural soils are converted into soluble f...

    Authors: Sumedha Saha, Sukanya Acharyya, Sahadeb Sarkar and Malay Bhattacharya
    Citation: Bulletin of the National Research Centre 2021 45:109
  3. The matter of antimicrobial resistance evokes the urgency to explore alternatives to the antibiotics traditionally used for microbial infections. This study aimed to elucidate the mechanism of action of the an...

    Authors: Victorien Dougnon, Edna Hounsa, Hornel Koudokpon, Eric Agbodjento, Anny Afaton, Kevin Sintondji, Jean Robert Klotoe, Julien Segbo and Lamine Baba-Moussa
    Citation: Bulletin of the National Research Centre 2021 45:107
  4. Gossypium arboreum is one of the cultivated diploids which has inherent resistance against insect pests and diseases, can withstand moisture stress, needs less nutrients and is suitable for erratic, less rainfall...

    Authors: K. Sankaranarayanan, M. V. Venugopalan and D. Kanjana
    Citation: Bulletin of the National Research Centre 2021 45:106
  5. The concept of magnetized water and the historically abbreviated glimpse were discussed. Therefore, the magnetic water treatment method has been summed up and considered a better and cleaner physical technique...

    Authors: Ashraf M. El-Shamy, Ahmed Abdo, Elshafie A. M. Gad, Amr A. Gado and Emad El-Kashef
    Citation: Bulletin of the National Research Centre 2021 45:105
  6. The world today is faced with the humongous challenge of removing the numerous plastic wastes in our environment. Efforts in the removal or remediation of these materials from the ecosystem are presently at th...

    Authors: Chidi Edbert Duru, Ijeoma Akunna Duru and Christian Ebere Enyoh
    Citation: Bulletin of the National Research Centre 2021 45:104
  7. Endophytes are highly beneficial species of microbes that live in symbiosis with plant tissues in the setting. Endophytes are difficult to isolate in their natural environment, and they are understudied despit...

    Authors: Chijioke E. Ezeobiora, Nwamaka H. Igbokwe, Dina H. Amin and Udoma E. Mendie
    Citation: Bulletin of the National Research Centre 2021 45:103
  8. Some antitumor or anticancer agents have been shown to execute cell death by induction of mitochondrial permeability transition (mPT) pore opening in order to elicit their chemotherapeutic effect. Therefore, t...

    Authors: Adeola Oluwakemi Olowofolahan, Obinna Matthew Paulinus, Heritage Mojisola Dare and Olufunso Olabode Olorunsogo
    Citation: Bulletin of the National Research Centre 2021 45:102
  9. The research was carried out to assess the lipid characteristics of oil extracted from the head and gills of Claris macrocephalus and Scomber scombrus.

    Authors: Oluseye Oladapo Abiona, Shola Hezekiah Awojide, Adebanjo Jacob Anifowose, Abiodun Odunlami Adegunwa, Wasiu Bolade Agbaje and Adeniyi Solomon Tayo
    Citation: Bulletin of the National Research Centre 2021 45:101
  10. Environmental deterioration arising from the misuse of pesticides and chemical fertilizers in agriculture has resulted in the pursuit of eco-friendly means of growing crop. Evidence has shown that biofertilize...

    Authors: Seun Owolabi Adebajo, Pius Olugbenga Akintokun, Emmanuel Ezaka, Abidemi Esther Ojo, Donald Uzowulu Olannye and Oluwaseun Deborah Ayodeji
    Citation: Bulletin of the National Research Centre 2021 45:100
  11. Cancer chemotherapy is difficult because current medications for the treatment of cancer have been linked to a slew of side effects; as a result, researchers are tasked with developing greener cancer chemother...

    Authors: P. M. Aja, P. C. Agu, E. M. Ezeh, J. N. Awoke, H. A. Ogwoni, Tusubira Deusdedit, E. U. Ekpono, I. O. Igwenyi, E. U. Alum, E. I. Ugwuja, A. U. Ibiam, C. A. Afiukwa and Abayomi Emmanuel Adegboyega
    Citation: Bulletin of the National Research Centre 2021 45:99
  12. Interleukin-4 (IL-4) is a multifunctional cytokine; involved in the regulation of immune responses, as well as in the pathogenicity of many diseases, such as diabetes mellitus. Some researchers suggested that ...

    Authors: Eltayeb Mohamed Ahmed Tayrab, Gaafar Mahmoud Gaafar Mahmoud, Hisham Mohamed Abdelrahim, Samia Mahdi Ahmed and Abdelmonium Elmakki
    Citation: Bulletin of the National Research Centre 2021 45:98
  13. The two-spotted spider mite, Tetranychus urticae Koch (Acari: Tetranychidae), is a major pest of strawberry. It was necessary to control this mite pest that can reducing the quality and quantity of the fruits. In...

    Authors: El-Sayed M. El-Saiedy and Shimaa F. Fahim
    Citation: Bulletin of the National Research Centre 2021 45:97
  14. Contamination of cow milk with uranium (U) is attracting global attention owing to U’s radio-toxicity and chemical toxicity in humans and animals. Concentrations of U in 223 cow milk samples from indigenous br...

    Authors: Titus Haakonde, John Yabe, Kennedy Choongo, Gershom Chongwe, Gilbert Nchima and Md. Saiful Islam
    Citation: Bulletin of the National Research Centre 2021 45:96
  15. The effectiveness of two PGPB; Azospirillum brasilense NO40 and Stenotrophomonas maltophilia B11 was investigated in enhancing the drought tolerance of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) seedlings cultivar Gemiza9. The...

    Authors: Wedad A. Kasim, Mohamed E. H. Osman, Mohamed N. Omar and Samar Salama
    Citation: Bulletin of the National Research Centre 2021 45:95
  16. As of April 23, 2021, more than 145 million cases and almost 3.07 million related deaths were noted because of the coronavirus (Covid-19) Pandemic. Considering the low rate vaccination, the alternative that di...

    Authors: Hani Amir Aouissi, Mostefa Ababsa and Aissam Gaagai
    Citation: Bulletin of the National Research Centre 2021 45:94
  17. This study evaluated the time course of computed tomography (CT) findings of patients with COVID-19 pneumonia who required mechanical ventilation and were treated with favipiravir and steroid therapy.

    Authors: Naoki Irizato, Hiroshi Matsuura, Atsuya Okada, Ken Ueda and Hitoshi Yamamura
    Citation: Bulletin of the National Research Centre 2021 45:92
  18. Cataracts and glomerulopathy are disabling complications of diabetes mellitus. The use of medicinal plants in the treatment of diabetes helps prevent or delay these complications. Pterocarpus erinaceus and Amaran...

    Authors: Kokou Atchou, Povi Lawson-Evi and Kwashie Eklu-Gadegbeku
    Citation: Bulletin of the National Research Centre 2021 45:91
  19. Cancer of the breast is known to be among the top spreading diseases on the globe. Triple-negative breast cancer is painstaking the most destructive type of mammary tumor because it spreads faster to other par...

    Authors: Hadiza Abdulrahman Lawal, Adamu Uzairu and Sani Uba
    Citation: Bulletin of the National Research Centre 2021 45:90
  20. One of the many relevant factors that influence mollusc consumption is the quality of its meat. The meat of Tympanotonos fuscatus var radula has been traditionally used as a subsistence food source with high-qual...

    Authors: Rasheed Olatunji Moruf
    Citation: Bulletin of the National Research Centre 2021 45:89
  21. This work was conducted to investigate the effect of different manure types (compost, chicken manure and FYM) at 12, 24 and 48 m3 ha−1 with or without reduced N rate (72 kg ha−1) compared with N fertilizer levels...

    Authors: E. M. Abd El Lateef, Asal M. Wali and M. S. Abd El-Salam
    Citation: Bulletin of the National Research Centre 2021 45:88
  22. The study of habitat preference and identification of malaria vector is one of the important steps in malaria control. Knowledge of local Anopheles mosquitoes capable of transmitting malaria parasites has contrib...

    Authors: T. A. Olusi, I. A. Simon-Oke and A. V. Akeju
    Citation: Bulletin of the National Research Centre 2021 45:87
  23. More people—in both developing and developed countries—now use, and are favourably disposed to, traditional medicine. Musa paradisiaca (plantain) is used extensively in traditional medicine across continents. In ...

    Authors: Kamoldeen Abiodun Ajijolakewu, Abiodun Saheed Ayoola, Tariq Oluwakunmi Agbabiaka, Folashade Rahmat Zakariyah, Nike Risikat Ahmed, Olusegun Julius Oyedele and Alhasan Sani
    Citation: Bulletin of the National Research Centre 2021 45:86
  24. Papaya (Carica papaya Linn.) is well known for its nutritional as well as medicinal value. Different parts of the plant including leaves have been used as therapeutic remedies for various diseases. The objective ...

    Authors: Sally Abdel-Halim, Magda Ibrahim, Mona Abdel Mohsen, Lobna Abou-Setta, Amany Sleem and Mostafa El-Missiry
    Citation: Bulletin of the National Research Centre 2021 45:85
  25. Nonetheless curcumin has potential health benefits, its low bioavailability limits the application of conventional turmeric extract with curcumin as major curcuminoid. This is a comparative study to assess the...

    Authors: Venkataramana Heggar Sudeep, Kuluvar Gouthamchandra, Siddappa Chandrappa, Puttaswamy Naveen, Budanuru Reethi, Karempudi Venkatakrishna and Kodimule Shyamprasad
    Citation: Bulletin of the National Research Centre 2021 45:84
  26. Salinity is typical in seashore soils due to the interruption of seawater in the groundwater. Soil microbes of coastal regions play a vital role in increasing plant yields. Microbe-plant associated growth and ...

    Authors: Gajendra Joshi, Vikash Kumar and Sunil Kumar Brahmachari
    Citation: Bulletin of the National Research Centre 2021 45:83
  27. Kitchen food wastes (KFW) are food lost from human especially from hotels, hospitals, cafeterias and home, could be alternative feed resources and create the attention of researchers to process these wastes an...

    Authors: Farouk Imam Saad Helal, Alaa Eldin Yehia El Badawi, Mohamed Mohamed Basyony, Eman El Sabaawy and Soad El Naggar
    Citation: Bulletin of the National Research Centre 2021 45:82
  28. The release of triphenylmethane dyes, like malachite green (MG) and crystal violet (CV), into the environment is a cause of concern due to its toxicity, mutagenicity and carcinogenicity.

    Authors: Vasudhaudupa Alaya, Rajesh Kumar Kodi, Earanna Ninganna, Balakrishna Gowda and M. B. Shivanna
    Citation: Bulletin of the National Research Centre 2021 45:81
  29. Conservation of the ecosystem is a prime concern of human communities. Industrial development should adopt this concern. Unfortunately, various related activities release lots of noxious materials concurrently...

    Authors: Samar A. El-Mekkawi, Rehab A. Abdelghaffar, Fatma Abdelghaffar and S. A. Abo El-Enin
    Citation: Bulletin of the National Research Centre 2021 45:80
  30. The ongoing pandemic of COVID-19 viruses takes its sole origin from the Wuhan Huanan seafood market, China. The first case was recorded as viral pneumonia and later became a worldwide pandemic (officially decl...

    Authors: Ramakrishnan Veerabathiran, Barath Ragunath, Vaishak Kaviarasan, Vajagathali Mohammed and Shiek S. S. J. Ahmed
    Citation: Bulletin of the National Research Centre 2021 45:79
  31. Human breast cancer is the most prevalent malignancy in women all-over the world. The aim is to look further into the effectiveness of the nanoformulation of tamoxifen and even certain bioactive compounds (yea...

    Authors: Afaf Ezzat, Abdou Osman Abdelhamid, Mostafa K. El Awady, Reham M. Dawood and Dina Mostafa Mohammed
    Citation: Bulletin of the National Research Centre 2021 45:78
  32. Weed occurrence and fertilization are considered two of the most factors influencing fennel yield. A two season’s field study was undertaken to investigate the response of fennel crop to two different herbicid...

    Authors: Ibrahim Abdallah, Alia Amer and Dalia El-Hefny
    Citation: Bulletin of the National Research Centre 2021 45:77

    The Correction to this article has been published in Bulletin of the National Research Centre 2021 45:108

  33. As in many countries worldwide, due to the COVID-19 pandemic lockdown, higher institutions in Nigeria closed in March 2020 and only began reopening in October of the same year. As a result of the lockdown, som...

    Authors: Osamudiamen Ebohon, Anayochukwu Chukwunonso Obienu, Francis Irabor, Frank Iwebuke Amadin and Ehimwenma Sheena Omoregie
    Citation: Bulletin of the National Research Centre 2021 45:76
  34. Malaria is one of the tropical diseases of universal concern particularly with continuous appearance of resistant strains of P.falciparum. This calls for continous screening of traditional plants such that new an...

    Authors: Uchechi E. Enenebeaku, Nnamdi C. Ukwandu, Ifeyinwa C. Mgbemena, Harriet C. Nwigwe, Conrad K. Enenebeaku, Chidi E. Duru and Odangowei I. Ogidi
    Citation: Bulletin of the National Research Centre 2021 45:75
  35. The study aimed at evaluating the in-vivo nutritional qualities of extruded breakfast meal produced from flour blends of malted finger millet and watermelon seed.

    Authors: Joseph Oghenewogaga Owheruo, Timilehin David Oluwajuyitan, Beatrice Olawunmi Ifesan and Matthew Kolawole Bolade
    Citation: Bulletin of the National Research Centre 2021 45:73
  36. Authorship trends in medical journals were studied in many disciplines, mostly in western countries' journals. We aimed at studying the authorship trends in the Egyptian Orthopaedic Journal as an example of a ...

    Authors: Ahmed A. Khalifa, Ahmed S. El-Hawary and Ahmed E. Sadek
    Citation: Bulletin of the National Research Centre 2021 45:72
  37. Heavy metal accumulation in the ecosystem constitutes a potential toxic effect which is hazardous to human health. Increasing environmental pollution has necessitated the use of cattle egrets to evaluate the l...

    Authors: Elijah Abakpa Adegbe, Oluwaseyi Oluwabukola Babajide, Lois Riyo Maina and Shola Elijah Adeniji
    Citation: Bulletin of the National Research Centre 2021 45:71
  38. Rice forms a significant portion of food consumed in most household worldwide. Rice production has been hampered by soil factors such as ferruginousity which has limited phosphorus availability; an important m...

    Authors: Musa Saheed Ibrahim and Beckley Ikhajiagbe
    Citation: Bulletin of the National Research Centre 2021 45:70
  39. Using remineralizing agents during and after bleaching procedures could maintain enamel surface, decreasing its erosive susceptibility. This study evaluated the efficacy of an in-office and at-home bleaching m...

    Authors: Shaymaa M. Nagi, Shahinaz H. Nabil and Mohamed H. Zaazou
    Citation: Bulletin of the National Research Centre 2021 45:68
  40. A series of known Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved anticancer drugs were collected from the literature and docked against mTOR receptor which has been identified in present time as a target for ther...

    Authors: David Ebuka Arthur, Jibrin Noah Akoji, Riadh Sahnoun, Greatman C. Okafor, Karimatu Lami Abdullahi, Samira A. Abdullahi and Charles Mgbemena
    Citation: Bulletin of the National Research Centre 2021 45:67
  41. Probiotics are direct-fed microbial feed supplements which can modulate the gut microflora by competing intestinal pathogens through a competitive process. The present study was conducted to investigate the ef...

    Authors: Farouk Helal, Alaa El-Badawi, Soad El-Naggar, Mohamed Shourrap, Osama Aboelazab and Salma Abu Hafsa
    Citation: Bulletin of the National Research Centre 2021 45:66
  42. Much interest has not been placed on the role of chromosomal abnormalities in the pathogenesis and rising prevalence of infertility in recent times. This review was conducted to renew public interest on the ch...

    Authors: Tajudeen O. Yahaya, Esther O. Oladele, Daniel Anyebe, Chidiebere Obi, M. D. A. Bunza, Ridwan Sulaiman and Usman U. Liman
    Citation: Bulletin of the National Research Centre 2021 45:65
  43. Primary chronic osteomyelitis is a rare occurrence in the pediatric mandible though it exclusively affects the mandible with no age preference. The absence of pus, fistula and sequestration are characteristic ...

    Authors: T. Kavya Priya, Amith Hadhimane, Kirthi Kumar Rai, H. R. Shiva Kumar, Amarnath P. Upasi and Vinayak Gourish Naik
    Citation: Bulletin of the National Research Centre 2021 45:64
  44. Twenty-four West African Dwarf (WAD) goats with average weight of 6.57 ± 0.56 kg were used in investigating the effect of microbial-treated maize cob and husk diets on blood profile. The goats were assigned to...

    Authors: Gladys Abiemwense Ibhaze, Gbenga Enobong Ogunjemite and Adebowale Noah Fajemisin
    Citation: Bulletin of the National Research Centre 2021 45:63
  45. Rice (Oryza sativa L.) is a common staple food in Nigeria. However, cultivation is impaired by heavy metal contamination, particularly iron (Fe). This study aimed to investigate the impacts of biosynthesized nano...

    Authors: B. Ikhajiagbe, F. A. Igiebor and M. C. Ogwu
    Citation: Bulletin of the National Research Centre 2021 45:62
  46. This studies the influence of algae and coated urea fertilization on the productivity of some leguminous crops in order to reach the best methods of fertilization to get on highest productivity in sandy soils.

    Authors: Reda Essa, Ahmed Afifi and Soad Ashry
    Citation: Bulletin of the National Research Centre 2021 45:60

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