Table 1 Endophytic fungi and their bioactive properties

Fusarium spp.

F. oxysporium, F. equisetii, F. solani, etc.

Roots, stems, and leaves

Taxol, vinblastine, vincristine, rutin, quercetin, gallic acid, caffeic acid

Biocontrol, antimicrobial, and antioxidant activities

Asghari et al. (2023); Singh and Kumar (2023)

Aspergillus spp.

A. sydowii

Leaves and branches

Saponins, Cajaninstilbene acid (CSA)

Antioxidant activity, therapeutic property

Zhao et al. (2012); Shobha et al. (2019)

Epicoccum nigrum

Leaves

Flavipin-derived alkaloids, epicoccarine, illudalane-derivative, polyketides, diketopiperazines, diterpenes, carotenoids, and siderophores

Anti-inflammatory, antitumor, antibacterial, and antifungal activities

Asghari et al. (2023); Devi et al. (2023)

Pestalotiopsis

P. neglecta

Leaves

Terpenes, cinnamaldehyde, cinnamyl alcohol, and eugenol

Antibacterial, antitumor, anti-inflammatory, cytotoxic, antiviral, antioxidant, activities

Singh and Kumar (2023)

Lecanicillium aphanocladii

Roots

Polyketide family (oosporein)

Biocontrol, antibacterial activities

Asghari et al. (2023)

Acremonium spp.

Leaves, stem, and inflorescences of grasses

Xanthurenic acid, valyl aspartic acid, Podophyllotoxin, peptides, and cyclic dipeptides

Biocontrol, antagonistic, antifungal activities

Khan et al. (2021); Asghari et al. (2023)

Alternaria spp.

Root, leaves, stem

Podophyllotoxin, rutin, quercetin, gallic acid, caffeic acid, and syringic acid

Antimicrobial, antioxidant, anticancer, antiviral, antifungal, antibacterial, and phytotoxic activities

Devi et al. (2023)

Talaromyces spp.

Roots, stems, and leaves

Trachyspic acid

Antifungal, antibacterial, antitumor, anti-inflammatory activities

Singh and Kumar (2023)