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Table 5 Performance metrics for individual base models in the stack ensemble model and the stack ensemble itself

From: Improving mortality forecasting using a hybrid of Lee–Carter and stacking ensemble model

Machine learning models

Metric

Stack ensemble

Random forest

XGBoost

GLM

RMSE

0.1307365

1.761899

1.747702

1.758636

MAPE

0.05448399

0.9773364

0.9798964

0.9851048

MAE

0.1271199

1.669135

1.607744

1.623914

  1. The stack ensemble comprises three base models: random forest (RF), XGBoost, and generalized linear model (GLM)