Table 2 Patients characteristics and operative findings of testicular torsion
From: Diagnosis of testicular torsion with preserved blood flow detected by color Doppler ultrasonography
Normal flow (n = 6) | Decreased flow (n = 28) | P value | |
|---|---|---|---|
Age, median years (IQR) | 13 (10–14) | 14 (9–15) | 0.964 |
Laterality | 0.645 | ||
Right, n (%) | 2 (33) | 7 (25) | |
Left, n (%) | 4 (66) | 21 (75) | |
Physical findings | |||
Scrotal swelling, n (%) | 0 (0) | 21 (75) | 0.001 |
Scrotal erythema, n (%) | 0 (0) | 9 (32) | 0.162 |
Testicular swelling, n (%) | 1 (17) | 22 (79) | 0.008 |
Testicular tenderness, n (%) | 5 (83) | 26 (93) | 0.453 |
Testicular abnormal position, n (%) | 3 (50) | 19 (68) | 0.641 |
Absence of cremasteric reflex, n (%) | 3 (50) | 17 (61) | 0.672 |
US findings | |||
Whirlpool sign, n (%) | 1 (17) | 9 (32) | 0.645 |
Heterogeneous echogenicity, n (%) | 1 (17) | 15 (54) | 0.180 |
Enlarged epididymis, n(%) | 2 (33) | 5 (45) | 0.580 |
Duration of symptom, median hr (IQR) | 5 (4–9) | 13 (7–51) | 0.042 |
Degree of torsion, median (IQR) | 180 (180–180) | 180 (180–360) | 0.043 |
Bell clapper deformity | 4 (67) | 19 (68) | 1.000 |
Surgical treatment | 0.162 | ||
Orchidopexy, n (%) | 6 (100) | 19 (68) | |
Orchiectomy, n (%) | 0 (0) | 9 (32) |