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Table 2 Bandgap energies for various semiconductors (Serpone and Pelizzetti 1989; Schiavello and Sclafani 1989; Sakthivel et al. 2000)

From: A comprehensive review on textile wastewater treatment by coupling TiO2 with PVDF membrane

Semiconductor

Bandgap energy (eV)

Semiconductor

Bandgap energy (eV)

Diamond

5.4

WO3

2.76

CdS

2.42

Si

1.17

ZnS

3.6

Ge

0.744

ZnO

3.436

Fe2O3

2.3

TiO2

3.03

PbS

0.286

CdS

2.582

PbSe

0.165

SnO2

3.54

ZrO2

3.87

CdSe

1.7

Cu2O

2.172