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Table 1 Estimated joinpoints and estimated regression coefficients of joinpoints regression during pre-vaccination and vaccination period

From: A joinpoint regression model to determine COVID-19 virulence due to vaccination programme in India: a longitudinal analysis from 2020 to 2022

Vaccination phase

Joinpoint

Estimated joinpoints (days)

95% confidence limits

Regression coefficients

Parameter estimation (S.E)

P-value

Lower

Upper

Pre-vaccination (n = 303) 19/03/2020 to 15/01/2021

1

50 (7/5/2020)

24 (11/4/2020)

135 (31/7/2020)

Intercept 1

5.03 (0.32)

< 0.001

2

133 (29/7/2020)

127 (23/7/2020)

184 (18/9/2020)

Intercept 2

6.54 (0.09)

< 0.001

3

182 (16/9/2020)

179 (13/9/2020)

273 (16/12/2020)

Intercept 3

9.12 (0.12)

< 0.001

    

Intercept 4

14.03 (0.06)

< 0.001

    

Slope 1

0.06 (0.01)

< 0.001

    

Slope 2

0.03 (0.001)

< 0.001

    

Slope 3

0.01 (0.001)

< 0.001

    

Slope 4

− 0.01 (0.0002)

< 0.001

    

Slope 2–Slope 1

− 0.03 (0.009)

< 0.001

    

Slope 3–Slope 2

− 0.02 (0.001)

< 0.001

    

Slope 4–Slope 3

− 0.03 (0.001)

< 0.001

During vaccination (n = 715) 16/01/2021 to 31/12/2022

1

407 (29/4/2021)

403 (25/4/2021)

410 (2/5/2021)

Intercept 1

− 5.44 (0.68)

< 0.001

2

643 (21/12/2021)

635 (13/12/2021)

650 (28/12/2021)

Intercept 2

20.80 (0.22)

< 0.001

3

665 (12/1/2022)

661 (8/1/2022)

668 (15/1/2022)

Intercept 3

− 117.36 (18.28)

< 0.001

    

Intercept 4

23.41 (0.35)

< 0.001

    

Slope 1

0.04 (0.002)

< 0.001

    

Slope 2

− 0.02 (0.0005)

< 0.001

    

Slope 3

0.19 (0.03)

< 0.001

    

Slope 4

− 0.02 (0.0005)

< 0.001

    

Slope 2–Slope 1

− 0.06 (0.002)

< 0.001

    

Slope 3–Slope 2

0.21 (0.03)

< 0.001

    

Slope 4–Slope 3

− 0.21 (0.03)

< 0.001