Table 1 Participant characteristics combined and by trial involvement
|  | Combined (n = 28) | Trial 1 (n = 15) | Trial 2 (n = 13) |
|---|---|---|---|
Participant characteristics | |||
 Age (years) | 46.0 ± 6.1 | 45.4 ± 6.5 | 46.7 ± 5.8 |
 Sex (M/F) | 8/20 | 3/12 | 5/8 |
 Race (C/AA/AAA) | 11/16/1 | 8/7/0 | 3/9/1 |
 Height (m) | 1.7 ± 0.1 | 1.7 ± 0.1 | 1.7 ± 0.1 |
 Body weight (kg) | 92.6 ± 21.4 | 93.3 ± 12.0 | 91.8 ± 29.3 |
 Body mass Index (BMI, kg/m2) | 32.3 ± 6.3 | 32.6 ± 3.9 | 31.9 ± 8.4 |
Glycemic measures, glucose concentrations, and measures of glycemic variability | |||
 CGM observations per day (n; % of max) | 276.2 ± 7.8; 96% | 277.2 ± 7.3; 96% | 275.2 ± 8.5; 95% |
 Hypoglycemia (% of day) | 6.8 ± 8.9 | 5.5 ± 6.1 | 8.2 ± 11.3 |
 Time in range (% of day) | 91.1 ± 1.0 | 92.2 ± 9.3 | 90.0 ± 10.4 |
 Hyperglycemia (% of day) | 2.1 ± 5.3 | 2.3 ± 6.6 | 1.9 ± 3.6 |
 Fasting (mg/dL) | 93.5 ± 15.0 | 93.0 ± 14.2 | 94.1 ± 16.4 |
 24-h mean (mg/dL) | 101.2 ± 16.7 | 99.4 ± 12.1 | 103.0 ± 21.0 |
 Wake time (mg/dL) | 101.8 ± 16.0 | 99.0 ± 11.2 | 104.7 ± 20.0 |
 Sleep hour (mg/dL) | 103.0 ± 16.0 | 103.1 ± 10.1 | 102.9 ± 21.1 |
 Maximum (mg/dL) | 149.4 ± 25.7 | 144.3 ± 21.2 | 155.0 ± 29.7 |
 Minimum (mg/dL) | 69.8 ± 14.4 | 69.0 ± 10.8 | 70.7 ± 17.8 |
 Max–Min (mg/dL) | 79.0 ± 18.7 | 75.2 ± 20.6 | 83.0 ± 16.2 |
 MAGE (mg/dL) | 43.0 ± 12.1 | 40.3 ± 12.8 | 45.9 ± 11.1 |
 CONGA-1 (mg/dL) | 19.3 ± 5.0 | 18.6 ± 5.5 | 20.0 ± 4.4 |
 CONGA-2 (mg/dL) | 23.3 ± 6.3 | 22.5 ± 6.9 | 24.1 ± 5.6 |
 CONGA-4 (mg/dL) | 25.5 ± 6.6 | 24.4 ± 7.0 | 26.1 ± 6.3 |
 MODD (mg/dL) | 19.9 ± 4.5 | 19.5 ± 4.1 | 20.3 ± 4.9 |
Vascular health and oxidative stress biological markers | |||
 Nitric oxide (µmol/L) | 75.6 ± 40.9 | 62.3 ± 47.8 | 91.0 ± 25.0 |
 Myeloperoxidase (ng/mL) | 25.2 ± 8.2 | 26.8 ± 8.7 | 23.2 ± 7.6 |
 NO:MPO ratio (µmol/L:ng/mL) | 3.3:1 | 2.6:1 | 4.2:1* |