Table 2 Nutritional indices of 2nd instar Spodoptera littoralis larvae fed for 72 h on treated castor bean leaves by Melaleuca alternifolia EO, terpinen-4-ol, and γ-terpinene at different concentrations

4000

76.11 ± 0.60c

4.29 ± 0.79d

4.51 ± 0.57 cd

1.21 ± 0.06f

0.33 ± 0.48 h

2000

76.93 ± 1.66bc

5.15 ± 0.39d

6.13 ± 0.47c

1.29 ± 0.03f

0.45 ± 0.53 fg

1000

79.63 ± 2.72bc

7.22 ± 0.73c

8.17 ± 0.62c

1.38 ± 0.23e

0.49 ± 0.65 fg

500

82.31 ± 0.35b

9.87 ± 0.16c

13.14 ± 0.34b

1.46 ± 0.12d

0.55 ± 0.82de

250

83.17 ± 2.22b

10.43 ± 1.65c

15.66 ± 1.46ab

1.51 ± 0.17c

0.58 ± 0.30de

4000

85.43 ± 0.35b

5.90 ± 0.51 cd

6.21 ± 0.20c

1.33 ± 0.88e

0.48 ± 0.78 fg

2000

86.44 ± 1.21b

6.65 ± 0.68c

7.03 ± 0.26c

1.37 ± 0.33e

0.52 ± 0.26ef

1000

88.06 ± 0.28b

8.11 ± 0.19c

8.44 ± 0.76c

1.47 ± 0.59d

0.56 ± 0.12de

500

89.66 ± 0.61ab

12.92 ± 1.62b

13.13 ± 0.37b

1.58 ± 0.93c

0.63 ± 0.25 cd

250

90.00 ± 0.89a

13.14 ± 0.37b

13.95 ± 0.49b

1.65 ± 0.45b

0.65 ± 0.22bc

4000

88.35 ± 1.37b

9.95 ± 0.64c

11.82 ± 1.08b

1.49 ± 0.22d

0.55 ± 0.72de

2000

89.26 ± 1.21b

12.42 ± 0.51b

13.23 ± 0.65b

1.56 ± 0.28c

0.58 ± 0.41de

1000

89.76 ± 0.30ab

13.15 ± 0.68b

13.39 ± 0.11b

1.60 ± 0.31b

0.60 ± 0.47 cd

500

92.07 ± 1.37a

14.02 ± 1.95b

14.21 ± 0.57b

1.66 ± 0.15b

0.67 ± 0.26bc

250

92.47 ± 0.61a

15.59 ± 0.29ab

15.73 ± 1.37ab

1.71 ± 0.23a

0.70 ± 0.35ab

96.51 ± 0.30a

17.66 ± 0.90a

20.06 ± 0.98a

1.75 ± 0.18a

0.77 ± 0.29a