Table 3 Bivariate analysis of factors associated with pre-lacteal feeding
Evaluated factor | No | Yes | Total | χ2 | p value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Age (years) | n (%) | n (%) | |||
18–30 | 183 (75.08) | 60 (24.92) | 243 | ||
31–40 | 97 (80.83) | 23 (19.17) | 120 | 1.417 | 0.492 |
41+ | 9 (75.00) | 3 (25.00) | 12 | ||
Marital status | |||||
Married | 212 (77.66) | 61 (22.44) | 273 | ||
Single | 60 (75.00) | 20 (25.00) | 80 | 0.249 | 0.969 |
Separated | 10 (76.92) | 3 (23.08) | 12 | ||
Widow | 7 (77.78) | 2 (22.22) | |||
Level of education | |||||
Certificate | 110 (70.51) | 46 (29.49) | 256 | ||
Diploma | 127 (82.47) | 27 (17.53) | 154 | 11.42 | 0.010* |
Bachelor’s degree | 57 (81.43) | 13 (18.57) | 70 | ||
Master’s degree | 6 (100.00) | 0 (0.00) | 6 | ||
Income level (UgX) | |||||
1–500,000 | 109 (69.87) | 67 (30.13) | 176 | ||
500,001–1,000,000 | 104 (77.61) | 30 (22.39) | 134 | 12.238 | 0.007* |
1,000,001–1,500,000 | 44 (91.70) | 4 (8.30) | 48 | ||
1,500,000 + | 32 (86.49) | 5 (13.51) | 37 | ||
Number of children | |||||
< 2 children | 84 (70.00) | 36 (30.00) | 120 | 4.579 | 0.032* |
> = 2 children | 204 (80.00) | 51 (20.00) | 255 | ||
ANC attendance | |||||
< 4times | 8 (66.67) | 4 (33.33) | 12 | ||
4 times and above | 281 (77.41) | 18 (22.59) | 299 | 0.759 | 0.384 |
Place of delivery | |||||
Health facility | 256 (75.51) | 83 (24.49) | 339 | 4.803 | 0.028* |
Home | 33 (91.67) | 3 (8.33) | 36 | ||
Mode of delivery | |||||
Caesarian | 61 (63.54) | 35 (36.46) | 96 | 12.73 | 0.000* |
Normal | 227 (81.36) | 52 (18.64) | 279 | ||
Ever received breast-feeding counseling | |||||
Yes | 242 (79.08) | 64 (21.92) | 306 | 4.873 | 0.027* |
No | 46 (66.67) | 23 (33.33) | 69 | ||
Type of employer | |||||
Government | 163 (84.46) | 30 (15.54) | 193 | 13.082 | 0.000* |
Private | 125 (68.68) | 57 (31.32) | 182 | ||
Working hours | |||||
Up to 8 h | 180 (80.36) | 44 (19.64) | 224 | 3.025 | 0.082 |
Above 8 h | 109 (72.67) | 41 (27.33) | 150 | ||
Distance to workplace | |||||
Less than 2 kms | 96 (76.80) | 29 (23.20) | 125 | ||
2–5 kms | 111 (73.51) | 40 (26.49) | 151 | 2.945 | 0.229 |
More than 5kms | 82 (82.83) | 17 (17.17) | 99 | ||
Have paid maternity leave | |||||
Yes | 255 (79.19) | 67 (20.81) | 322 | 5.826 | 0.016* |
No | 34 (64.15) | 19 (35.85) | 53 | ||
Provision of breast-feeding space | |||||
Yes | 56 (64.37) | 21 (35.63) | 77 | 1.032 | 0.31 |
No | 233 (78.19) | 65 (21.81) | 298 | ||
Breast-feeding break | |||||
Yes | 75 (68.8) | 34 (31.20) | 109 | 5.509 | 0.019* |
No | 213 (80.08) | 53 (19.92) | 266 | ||
Knowledge | |||||
Good | 283 (77.11) | 84(22.89) | 367 | 0.019 | 0.888 |
Poor | 6 (75.00) | 2(25.00) | 8 | ||
Attitude | |||||
Positive | 267 (77.17) | 79(22.83) | 346 | 0.029 | 0.865 |
Negative | 22 (78.57) | 6(21.43) | 28 |