Phytochemical compositions and insecticidal efficacy of four agro-waste used as biological control of cowpea beetle, Callosobruchus maculatus (Fab.) [Coleoptera: Bruchidae]

Ashamo, Michael Olufemi; Ileke, Kayode David; Onasile, Ayomiposi Idowu

doi:10.1186/s42269-022-00795-z

Bulletin of the National Research Centre

Table 6 Mortality of adult C. maculatus in cowpea seeds treated with agro wastes extracts

From: Phytochemical compositions and insecticidal efficacy of four agro-waste used as biological control of cowpea beetle, Callosobruchus maculatus (Fab.) [Coleoptera: Bruchidae]

Agro waste treatments extracts	Conc. (ml)	Mean % mortality ± S.E
Agro waste treatments extracts	Conc. (ml)	24 h	48 h	72 h	96 h
Rice husk	0.1	33.33 ± 3.33^b	43.33 ± 3.33^bc	50.00 ± 5.77^bc	56.67 ± 3.33^b
Groundnut pod		43.33 ± 3.33^bcde	46.67 ± 3.33^bcd	53.33 ± 3.33^bcd	56.67 ± 3.33^b
Cowpea pod		43.33 ± 5.77^bcde	50.00 ± 0.00^bcde	53.33 ± 3.33^bcd	60.00 ± 3.33^b
Maize cob		36.67 ± 3.33^bc	40.00 ± 0.00^b	46.67 ± 3.33^b	53.33 ± 5.77^ab
Rice husk	0.2	40.00 ± 5.77^bcd	50.00 ± 0.00^bcde	56.67 ± 3.33^bcde	63.33 ± 3.33^bc
Groundnut pod		50.00 ± 0.00^def	53.33 ± 3.33^cdef	56.67 ± 3.33^bcde	66.67 ± 0.00^bcd
Cowpea pod		53.33 ± 5.77^efg	56.67 ± 6.67^defg	63.33 ± 3.33^defg	66.67 ± 5.77^bcd
Maize cob		40.00 ± 0.00^bcd	43.33 ± 3.33^bc	50.00 ± 0.00^bc	60.00 ± 0.00^b
Rice husk	0.3	46.67 ± 3.33^cdef	60.00 ± 0.00^efg	63.33 ± 3.33^defg	70.00 ± 0.00^cde
Groundnut pod		56.67 ± 5.77^fgh	63.33 ± 6.67^fg	66.67 ± 3.33^efg	70.00 ± 3.33^cde
Cowpea pod		63.33 ± 5.77^ghi	66.67 ± 3.33^gh	70.00 ± 0.00^fgh	76.67 ± 0.00^efg
Maize cob		43.33 ± 3.33^bcde	46.67 ± 3.33^bcd	53.33 ± 3.33^bcd	63.33 ± 3.33^b
Rice husk	0.4	56.67 ± 3.33^fgh	63.33 ± 3.33^fg	70.00 ± 0.00^fgh	76.67 ± 3.33^efg
Groundnut pod		63.33 ± 5.77^ghi	66.67 ± 3.33^gh	70.00 ± 5.77^fgh	83.33 ± 3.33^gh
Cowpea pod		66.67 ± 5.77^hi	76.67 ± 3.33^hi	80.00 ± 0.00ⁱ	90.00 ± 3.33^h
Maize cob		46.67 ± 3.33^cdef	60.00 ± 0.00^efg	60.00 ± 0.00^cdef	66.67 ± 3.33^bcd
Rice husk	0.5	63.33 ± 3.33^ghi	66.67 ± 3.33^gh	73.33 ± 3.33^gh	80.00 ± 0.00^fg
Groundnut pod		70.00 ± 0.00^ij	76.67 ± 6.67^hi	83.33 ± 3.33ⁱ	90.00 ± 3.33^h
Cowpea pod		76.67 ± 5.77^j	80.00 ± 5.77ⁱ	86.67 ± 3.33^ij	100.00 ± 0.00ⁱ
Maize cob		63.33 ± 3.33^ghi	66.67 ± 3.33^gh	66.67 ± 3.33^efg	73.33 ± 3.33^def
Control		0.00 ± 0.00^a	0.00 ± 0.00^a	0.00 ± 0.00^a	0.00 ± 0.00^a

Mean followed by the same letters within the same column are not significantly different (p > 0.05)

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