Table 1 Secondary metabolites production through suspension culture
From: In vitro strategies for the enhancement of secondary metabolite production in plants: a review
s. no | Plant name | Product | Results | References |
|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | Taxus chinensis | Paclitaxel | Paclitaxel production was enhanced with changing temperature from 24 to 29 °C | Choi et al. (2000) |
2 | Podophyllum hexandrum | Podophyllotoxin | Supplementation of the medium with polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) and pectinase increases the biomass and yield production of podophyllotoxin | Chattopadhyay et al. (2001) |
3 | Bacopa monnieri | Bacoside, saponin | Cell suspension cultures of Bacopa monnieri (L.) Pennell, grown in modified MS medium. Selected cell lines produced the important saponin, bacoside A, up to 1 g/100 g dry wt | Rahman et al. (2002) |
4 | Tinospora cordifolia | Protoberberine | Accumulation of berberine and jatrorrhizine (protoberberine alkaloids) was observed in both callus and cell suspension cultures. The root extracts of T. cordifolia showed higher levels of jatrorrhizine compared to the levels of berberine | Chintalwar et al. (2003) |
5 | Ipomoea batatas | Caffeoylquinic acids: caffeic acid, chlorogenic acid, 3,4-dicaffeoylquinic acid, 3,5-dicaffeoylquinic acid, 4,5-dicaffeoylquinic acid, 3,4,5-tricaffeoylquinic acid | Accumulation of phenolic compounds has been monitored in a suspension culture of anthocyanin-accumulating sweet potato cell line grown under the conditions of modified Murashige and Skoog high-anthocyanin production medium (APM) over a period of 24Â days | Konczak et al. (2004) |
6 | Linum album | Podophyllotoxin, 6- methoxypodophyllotoxin | The accumulation of podophyllotoxin (PTOX) and 6-methoxypodophyllotoxin (6MPTOX) was enhanced about twofold in the suspension culture of Linum album line 2–5 aH following the addition of methyl jasmonate (MeJas) to the cultivation medium | van Fürden et al. (2005) |
7 | Taxus baccata | Taxol | A 2-stage suspension cell culture of Taxus baccata L. using modified B5 medium improved cell growth as well as productivity of secondary metabolite taxol | Khosroushahi et al. (2006) |
8 | Azadirachta indica | Azadirachtin | Glucose and phosphate were identified as the major growth-limiting nutrients during the bioreactor cultivation and production of secondary metabolites | Prakash and Srivastava, (2007) |
9 | Lycopersicon esculentum | Lycopene extraction | Optimal conditions predicted by RSM were confirmed to enhance lycopene yield from standardized tomato cell cultures by more than threefold | Lu et al. (2008) |
10 | Cocos nucifera | Phenylpropanoid | Chitosan-induced elicitation responses of dark-incubated Cocos nucifera (coconut) endosperm cell suspension cultures led to the rapid formation of phenylpropanoid derivatives, which essentially mimics the defense-induced biochemical changes in coconut palm as observed under in vivo conditions | Chakraborty et al. (2009) |
11 | Nostoc flagelliforme | Exopolysaccharides | The growth rate of N. flagelliforme cells and the accumulation of exopolysaccharides (EPS) increased prominently when NaNO3 and KH2PO4 were added in the liquid BG-11culture medium though phosphate had little effect on EPS yield for specific mass of cells. N. flagelliforme cells grew well at 25 °C and neutral pH; however, a lower or higher temperature and weak alkaline can promote EPS accumulation. With the increase of the light intensity, the growth rate of N. flagelliforme cells and the EPS accumulation increase accordingly | Yu et al. (2010) |
12 | Arnebia hispidissima | Alkannin | Highest alkannin content was recorded in cell suspension and callus culture established on M-9 medium. Production of alkannin was influenced by the different culture medium | Shekhawat and Shekhawat (2011) |
13 | Arnebia euchroma | Isohexenylnaphthazarins: deoxyalkannin, alkannin, hydroxyisovalerylalkannin, acetylalkannin, isobutyrylalkannin, β-2''-(S)-α-methylbutyrylalkannin, propionylalkannin, teracrylalkannin, acetylshikonin | The phytochemical investigation of the n-hexane extract from callus and cell suspension culture of Arnebia euchroma (Royle) Jonst. resulted in the isolation of number of isohexenylnaphthazarins | Damianakos et al. (2012) |
14 | Stevia rebaudiana | Stevioside | The growth kinetics of the cell suspension culture has shown a maximum specific cell growth rate of 3.26 day−1, doubling time of 26.35 h and cell viability of 75%, respectively. Stevioside content in cell suspension was high during exponential growth phase and decreased subsequently at the stationary phase | Mathur and Shekhawat et al. (2013) |
15 | Stevia rebaudiana | Steviol glycoside | Abiotic stress induced by the salts increased the concentration of steviol glycoside (SGs) significantly. In callus, the quantity of SGs got increased from 0.27 (control) to 1.43 and 1.57% with 0.10% NaCl, and 0.025% Na2CO3, respectively. However, in case of suspension culture, the same concentrations of NaCl and Na2CO3Â enhanced the SGs content from 1.36 (control) to 2.61 and 5.14%, respectively, on the 10th day | Gupta et al. (2014) |
16 | Scrophularia striata | Acteoside | The stem explant of S. striata was optimum for callus induction. Modified Murashige and Skoog medium supplemented with 0.5 mg/l naphthalene acetic acid + 2.0 mg/l benzyl adenine was the most favorable medium for callus formation with the highest induction rate (100%), the best callus growth and the highest acteoside content (1.6 μg/g fresh weight) | Khanpour-Ardestani et al. (2015) |
17 | Satureja khuzistanica | Rosmarinic acid | Maximum cell fresh weight (353.5 g/L), dry weight (19.7 g/L) and rosmarinic acid (RA) production (180.0 mg/g) were attained at day 21 of culture. Cell growth and RA content were affected by nitrogen deficiency. Media containing 8.3 mM of total nitrogen (¼ of B5 standard medium) led to a minimum cell fresh weight (243.0 g/L), dry weight (17.4 g/L) and RA content (38.0 mg/g) after 21 days. The established CSC provided useful material for further optimization experiments aimed at a large-scale production of RA | Sahraroo et al. (2016) |
18 | Saccharum officinarum | Â | Somaclonal variation occurs during the process of indirect organogenesis and RAPD and ISSR marker-based molecular analysis is a suitable method for an early detection of variation in sugarcane | Thorat et al. (2017) |
19 | Salvia leriifolia | Phenolic acids: caffeic acid, salvianolic acid B, rosmarinic acid | The maximum content of caffeic acid and salvianolic acid B were observed on the 15th day of the cultivation cycle while the highest amount of rosmarinic acid was observed on the first day. Cell cultures with 40Â g/L sucrose not only produced the highest dry biomass but also the highest induction of caffeic acid and salvianolic acid B | Modarres et al. (2018) |