Table 1 Motility of C. elegans L4 larvae after exposure to G. senegalensis extracts

Aqueous extract

0.2

85.2 ± 0.6^a

72.2 ± 0.6^a

88.8 ± 0.6^a

73.2 ± 0.6^a

0.4

82.9 ± 0.9^a

69.2 ± 0.6^b

84.2 ± 0.6^b

69.5 ± 0.7^b

0.6

78.9 ± 0.7^b

64.2 ± 0.6^c

80.2 ± 0.6^c

63.2 ± 0.6^c

0.8

72.9 ± 0.6^c

57.2 ± 0.6^d

76.6 ± 0.6^d

58.8 ± 0.6^d

1.0

67.6 ± 0.7^d

47.2 ± 0.6^e

68.9 ± 0.7^e

52.5 ± 0.7^e

2.0

58.9 ± 0.7^e

16.6 ± 0.6^f

63.9 ± 0.7^f

18.6 ± 0.7^f

Ivermectin (0.02 µg/ml)

38.6 ± 1.0^f

2.3 ± 0.4^g

98.5 ± 0.2^g

95.7 ± 0.9^g

Negative control

98.6 ± 0.7^g

97.4 ± 0.7^h

98.0 ± 0.5^g

96.1 ± 0.4^g

p < 0.001

p < 0.001

p < 0.001

p < 0.001

Methanol extract

0.2

77.9 ± 0.6^a

63.2 ± 0.6^a

80.2 ± 0.6^a

67.5 ± 0.6^a

0.4

74.3 ± 0.5^a

60.3 ± 0.6^a

78.5 ± 0.7^a

62.2 ± 0.6^b

0.6

69.6 ± 0.7^b

56.3 ± 0.6^b

74.2 ± 0.6^a

59.5 ± 0.7^b

0.8

65.9 ± 0.7^c

52.3 ± 0.6^c

72.9 ± 4.2^a

55.3 ± 0.6^c

1.0

57.3 ± 0.6^d

35.9 ± 0.7^d

61.2 ± 0.6^b

39.3 ± 0.6^d

2.0

51.8 ± 0.6^e

7.2 ± 0.6^e

54.2 ± 0.6^b

8.3 ± 0.7^e

Ivermectin (0.02 µg/ml)

36.5 ± 0.9^f

2.7 ± 0.8^f

98.0 ± 0.2^c

96.7 ± 0.3^f

Negative control

98.5 ± 0.7^g

97.3 ± 0.4^g

98.1 ± 0.7^c

97.4 ± 0.7^f

p < 0.001

p < 0.001

p < 0.001

p < 0.001