Table 2 Reference planes and line
Plane (abbreviation) | Definition |
|---|---|
1. Midsagittal plane (MSP) | A plane passing through the ANS, PNS and IF |
2. Horizontal plane (HP) | A plane passing through the ANS and the PNS. It is perpendicular to MSP |
3. Frontal plane (FP): coronal | A plane passing through the IF. It is perpendicular to MSP and HP |
4. Upper first molar horizontal axis | A line connecting the mesiobuccal and distobuccal first molar cusp tips |