Table 1 Landmarks
Landmark (abbreviation) | Definition |
|---|---|
1. Anterior nasal spine (ANS) | Most anterior point on the tip of the anterior nasal spine |
2. Posterior nasal spine (PNS) | Most posterior point on the hard palate at the tip of the posterior nasal spine |
3. Incisive foramen (IF) | Most posterior point at the opening of the incisive foramen at the midline from the occlusal view |
4. Upper first molar mesiobuccal cusp tip | The most occlusal point on the mesiobuccal cusp tip of the upper first molar |
5. Upper first molar distobuccal cusp tip | The most occlusal point on the distobuccal cusp tip of the upper first molar |