Chemical composition and toxicity of some Agro waste-derived insecticides against Angoumois grain moth, Sitotroga ceralella (Olivier) [Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae] infesting stored paddy grains

Bulletin of the National Research Centre

Table 2 Lethal dose (LD) of adult S. cerealella treated with agro waste powders

Agro waste	Slope ± SE	Intercept ± SE	χ²	Exposure period (h)	LD₅₀ (LCL-UCL) (g)	LD₉₀ (LCL-UCL) (g)	P value
Rice husk	2.25 ± 1.42	0.22 ± 0.42	0.35	24	0.80 (0.47–6.01)	2.97 (1.61–5.03)	0.84
	3.82 ± 3.51	0.55 ± 0.10	0.33	48	0.72 (0.36–4.22)	1.55 (0.82–5.94)	0.55
	4.47 ± 2.36	1.06 ± 0.78	0.08	72	0.58 (0.20–3.75)	1.12 (0.51–2.62)	0.95
	5.88 ± 2.34	1.94 ± 0.79	0.75	96	0.47 (0.38–0.58)	0.77 (0.61–4.60)	0.69
Groundnut	2.88 ± 1.53	0.56 ± 0.49	0.42	24	0.64 (0.41–5.03)	1.79 (0.56–4.86)	0.81
Pod	4.07 ± 2.51	0.96 ± 0.81	0.67	48	0.59 (0.23–4.06)	1.21 (0.74–4.54)	0.72
	0.83 ± 0.23	0.59 ± 0.15	1.70	72	0.58 (0.11–3.54)	1.23 (0.30–4.20)	0.64
	5.76 ± 2.88	2.08 ± 0.96	1.59	96	0.44 (0.01–0.51)	0.73 (0.57–3.19)	0.45
Cowpea pod	2.95 ± 1.57	0.62 ± 0.51	0.42	24	0.62 (0.43–5.24)	1.67 (0.46–6.50)	0.81
	4.21 ± 2.62	1.05 ± 0.85	0.69	48	0.56 (0.17–3.43)	1.17 (0.51–2.62)	0.71
	2.69 ± 1.66	0.69 ± 0.51	0.30	72	0.55 (0.07–0.61)	1.66 (0.42–3.52)	0.86
	2.48 ± 0.43	0.31 ± 0.14	3.01	96	0.12 (0.02–0.18)	0.64 (0.54–0.83)	0.39
Maize cob	2.29 ± 1.49	0.27 ± 0.04	0.33	24	0.76 (0.41–4.41)	2.77 (1.52–5.42)	0.85
	3.01 ± 1.71	0.64 ± 0.54	0.90	48	0.76 (0.42–4.24)	2.77 (0.42–4.13)	0.64
	3.81 ± 2.00	0.98 ± 0.66	0.94	72	0.53 (0.41–3.42)	1.20 (0.26–4.47)	0.95
	5.32 ± 2.66	1.84 ± 0.88	1.44	96	0.45 (0.03–0.57)	0.78 (0.60–1.35)	0.49

χ² Chi-square value, SE standard error, LCL lower confidence limit, UCL upper confidence limit