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Table 2 Mean ± SD of total proteins, albumin, albumin/globulin ratio, nitric oxide, glutathione reduced and haptoglobin in dairy cows during winter/heat stress with and without retained fetal membranes

From: The effect of Seasonal heat stress on oxidants–antioxidants biomarkers, trace minerals and acute-phase response of peri-parturient Holstein Friesian cows supplemented with adequate minerals and vitamins with and without retained fetal membranes

Months

Cold

Hot

P value

Parameters

Normal

Retained

Normal

Retained

Total proteins g/dl)

5.65 ± .07b

5.46 ± .18b

5.17 ± .07a

5.52 ± .11b

0.0001

Albumin (g/dl)

4.69 ± .06b

4.68 ± .12b

4.36 ± .088a

4.79 ± .11b

0.0001

Globulin (g/dl)

1.39 ± .06

1.17 ± .14

1.35 ± .08

1.18 ± .13

0.041

Albumin/globulin

3.70 ± .20a

4.06 ± .45ab

4.18 ± .37ab

4.86 ± .62b

0.007

NO (µmol/l)

26.83 ± 1.81a

33.49 ± 5.80b

24.63 ± 1.60a

35.15 ± 2.46b

0.002

GSH(g/dl)

32.11 ± 2.11b

19.48 ± 7.12a

24.75 ± 1.56a

22.60 ± 2.92a

0.008

Haptoglobin mg/dl)

14.86 ± 1.85

13.46 ± 4.98

14.16 ± 1.21

18.38 ± 1.78

NS

  1. Means with different superscripts (a, b, c) are significant at P < 0.05, NS (non-significant), NO (nitric oxide), GSH (glutathione reduced)