Skip to main content

Table 3 Texture profile parameters of pan bread as affected by addition of nano and fermented nano materials

From: Pan bread quality as affected by some nano and fermented-nano food industries by-products

Sample

Hardness (N)

Springiness (mm)

Cohesiveness

Chewiness

Pan bread made from wheat flours (control samples)

72%extraction

4.87M

7.51A

0.986A

36.05N

82%extraction

7.89L

7.35AB

0.972A

56.38M

100%extraction

37.10B

7.33AB

0.907B

246.77A

Pan bread made from wheat flour 72% incorporated with

Nano-wheat bran (%)

5

9.47K

7.14BCD

0.978A

59.36M

15

9.81K

7.40AB

0.912B

66.24L

25

15.03I

6.96DEF

1.000A

104.61G

Nano-wheat germ (%)

5

13.65J

7.42AB

0.901B

91.28J

15

14.32IJ

7.26ABC

0.902B

93.79IJ

25

26.03D

6.90DEF

0.868C

155.92C

Fermented nano-rice bran (%)

5

17.24H

7.04CDE

0.822D

99.81H

15

17.70H

6.82EF

0.795D

95.97HI

25

18.64G

6.40G

0.679E

81.00K

Fermented nano-carrot pomace (%)

5

17.80H

7.31ABC

0.882BC

114.80F

15

23.76F

6.15GH

0.802D

117.19F

25

29.73C

6.09H

0.689E

126.06E

Fermented nano-pomegranate peel (%)

5

13.83J

7.36AB

0.815D

82.94K

15

24.84E

6.72F

0.801D

133.66D

25

39.16A

6.74F

0.618F

163.22B

  1. Values in the same column followed by different letters are significantly different (p < 0.05)