Table 6 Effect of GA₃ and melatonin on head chemical composition of two artichoke cultivars during the two growing seasons of 2017/2018 and 2018/2019

3.48 a

0.13 a

2.22 b

0.55 a

51 b

20 a

29 a

2.70 b

0.11 a

2.47 a

0.54 b

54 a

21 a

27 b

3.12 a

0.12 a

2.48 a

0.59 a

52ab

21 a

29 a

3.13 a

0.13 a

2.34ab

0.55ab

55 a

22 a

28 a

3.02 b

0.12 a

2.22 b

0.51 b

50 b

19 a

27 a

  IS

Melatonin

3.44 a

0.14 a

2.29 a

0.54bc

50 a

22 a

32 a

GA₃

3.53 a

0.13 a

2.18 a

0.58 b

52 a

20 a

28 a

Control

3.46 a

0.11 a

2.19 a

0.54bc

49 a

18 a

26 a

  R

Melatonin

2.80 b

0.09 a

2.67 a

0.64 a

54 a

19 a

26 a

GA₃

2.73bc

0.12 a

2.49 a

0.51 c

58 a

24 a

28 a

Control

2.58 c

0.12 a

2.25 a

0.48 c

50 a

21 a

27 a

3.23 a

0.14 a

2.88 a

0.56 a

49 a

16 b

25 a

2.58 b

0.13 a

2.81 a

0.57 a

44 a

20 a

26 a

2.99 a

0.14 a

2.96 a

0.59 a

50 a

21 a

30 a

2.88 a

0.13 a

2.82ab

0.58 a

48 a

19 a

25 b

2.83 a

0.13 a

2.75 b

0.53 a

42 b

15 b

23 b

  IS

Melatonin

3.35 a

0.15 a

2.93 a

0.58 a

49 a

19 a

26 a

GA₃

3.10 a

0.13 a

2.87 a

0.59 a

53 a

16 a

26 a

Control

3.23 a

0.13 a

2.83 a

0.52 a

45 a

13 a

22 a

  R

Melatonin

2.63b

0.14 a

3.00 a

0.60 a

51 a

22 a

34 a

GA₃

2.66b

0.14 a

2.77 a

0.58 a

42 a

22 a

23 a

Control

2.43b

0.13 a

2.67 a

0.54 a

38 a

17 a

23 a