Table 2 Effect of ethanolic extract of Rosmarinus officinalis (EERO) on, SOD, CAT, GSH, GPx, LPO, and XOD in CCl₄-induced nephrotoxicity in rats

Control

2.92 ± 0.10

24.49 ± 2.01

533.17 ± 11.94

5.92 ± 0.19

307.86 ± 27.70

0.22 ± 0.011

CCl₄

1.85 ± 0.18 (− 36.64%)

12.59 ± 1.91 (− 48.59%)

310.80 ± 9.92 (− 41.70%)

3.97 ± 0.27 (− 32.93%)

615.61 ± 20.19 (+ 99.96%)

0.43 ± 0.04 (+ 95.45%)

EERO 100 mg/kg

2.73 ± 0.14 (− 6.50%)

22.51 ± 2.10 (− 8.08%)

526.88 ± 15.23 (− 1.17%)

5.93 ± 0.09 (+ 0.16%)

321.02 ± 16.70 (+ 4.28%)

0.26 ± 0.01 (+ 18.18%)

EERO 250 mg/kg

2.71 ± 0.11 (− 7.19%)

26.25 ± 2.27 (+ 7.18%)

535.76 ± 11.46 (+ 0.48%)

5.94 ± 0.11 (+ 0.33%)

315.73 ± 21.76 (+ 2.55%)

0.25 ± 0.01 (+ 13.63%)

EERO 100 mg/kg + CCl₄

2.36 ± 0.17** (− 19.17%)

17.93 ± 2.07* (− 26.78%)

506.90 ± 15.48** (− 4.92%)

5.75 ± 0.19** (− 2.87%)

351.27 ± 27.12** (+ 14.10%)

0.30 ± 0.013** (+ 36.36%)

EERO 250 mg/kg + CCl₄

2.57 ± 0.11** (− 11.98%)

21.04 ± 1.85** (− 14.08%)

520.22 ± 15.10** (− 2.42%)

5.86 ± 0.13** (− 1.01%)

325.69 ± 23.72** (+ 5.79%)

0.24 ± 0.01** (+ 9.09%)