Table 2 List of AB1 microcosm sequences annotated for carbohydrate-active enzymes (CAZy) and their taxonomic affiliations

NODE_6017_length_143_cov_1.160839_1_211_-

Sphingobium yanoikuyae

AA3

GMC family oxidoreductase

NODE_2589_length_175_cov_1.097143_1_243_-

Burkholderia cenocepacia

AA3

GMC family oxidoreductase

NODE_5399_length_154_cov_2.253247_1_222_-

Pseudomonas sp. LFM046

AA3

GMC family oxidoreductase

NODE_5122_length_210_cov_1.723809_1_278_-

Myxococcus fulvus

AA5

Galactose oxidase; N-acetylneuraminic acid mutarotase

NODE_6741_length_192_cov_2.000000_17_260_-

Dyella jiangningensis

AA5

Cell envelope biogenesis protein OmpA

NODE_6279_length_159_cov_10.132075_17_227_-

Stenotrophomonas panacihumi

AA6

RidA family protein

NODE_5545_length_215_cov_3.297674_1_283_-

Burkholderia multivorans

AA6

NAD(P)H-dependent oxidoreductases

NODE_846_length_148_cov_3.243243_1_215_+

Burkholderia cenocepacia

CBM13

Fe-S protein assembly chaperone HscA

NODE_2953_length_216_cov_2.287037_1_284_-

Luteibacter sp. 329MFSha

CBM2

Polyisoprenoid binding protein Yce1

NODE_2277_length_196_cov_2.520408_1_263_+

Terriglobus saanensis SP1PR4

CBM32|GH64

β-Galactosidase/β-glucuronidase

NODE_6409_length_192_cov_1.015625_1_260_-

Pseudomonas aeruginosa M18, Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAO1, Pseudomonas aeruginosa DK2, Pseudomonas aeruginosa LESB58, Pseudomonas aeruginosa UCBPP-PA14, Pseudomonas aeruginosa NCGM2.S1, Pseudomonas aeruginosa PA7, Pseudomonas aeruginosa B136–33

CBM48|GH13

Glycogen debranching enzyme, Glgx

NODE_1616_length_151_cov_5.688742_1_219_-

Desulfobacteriales bacterium S3730MH5, Desulfurivibrio alkaliphilus AHT2

CBM48|GH13

Glycogen debranching enzyme, Glgx

NODE_4632_length_223_cov_1.408072_1_291_-

Methylocella silvestris BL2

CBM48|GH13

Glycogen debranching enzyme, Glgx

NODE_5593_length_203_cov_1.793103_1_271_-

Zymobacter palmae

CBM50

N-Acetylmuramoyl-l-alanine amidase

NODE_5996_length_211_cov_1.436019_1_278_+

Massilia sp. WF1

CBM50

Bifunctional metallophosphatase/5′-nucleotidase

NODE_3645_length_144_cov_1.305556_1_212_+

Ralstonia sp. 25mfcol4.1

CBM50

Bifunctional metallophosphatase/5′-nucleotidase

NODE_6551_length_305_cov_1.183607_1_373_-

Terriglobus sp. TAA 43

CBM6

Trehalose utilization; bacterial ThuA like proteins

NODE_2354_length_166_cov_1.963855_1_234_-

Caulobacter crescentus CB15

CE10

S9 family peptidase

NODE_1193_length_268_cov_1.029851_1_336_-

Pseudomonas sp. ATCC 13867

CE10

Alpha/beta hydrolase

NODE_782_length_156_cov_4.596154_1_224_-

Sphingomonas sanxanigenens

CE4

Polysaccharide deacetylase

NODE_7975_length_185_cov_1.070270_1_253_-

Edaphobacter aggregans

CE9

N-Acetylglucosamine-6-phosphate deacetylase

NODE_5120_length_169_cov_1.633136_1_237_-

Enterobacter cloacae complex sp. GN02208

GH1

Mannose-6-phosphate isomerase

NODE_3720_length_211_cov_1.113744_1_279_-

Pseudomonas jinjuensis

GH1

Polysaccharide biosynthesis protein

NODE_784_length_167_cov_6.101797_1_234_+

Candidate division NC10 bacterium

GH1

Glucokinase

NODE_5198_length_149_cov_1.000000_1_217_+

Pseudomonas sp. ATCC 13867

GH1

Polysaccharide biosynthesis protein

NODE_3278_length_268_cov_1.171642_1_336_-

Pseudomonas sp. ATCC 13867

GH1

dTDP-4-dehydrorhamnose reductase

NODE_5480_length_258_cov_1.608527_1_326_+

Verrucomicrobia bacterium TMED102

GH1

UDP-glucose-4-epimerase

NODE_4670_length_180_cov_13.094444_1_248_-

Pseudomonas nitroreducens

GH1

Polysaccharide biosynthesis protein

NODE_5370_length_265_cov_1.532076_1_333_-

Novosphingobium panipatense

GH10

Endo-1,4-beta-xylanase

NODE_1568_length_228_cov_1.947368_1_296_+

Sphingobium yanoikuyae

GH102

Membrane-bound lytic murein transglycosylase A (Mlt A)

NODE_6766_length_185_cov_1.437838_1_253_-

Acidobacterium capsulatum ATCC 51196

GH13

α-Amylase; maltose α-d-glucosyltransferase

NODE_5915_length_232_cov_1.948276_1_300_-

Pseudomonas aeruginosa M18, Pseudomonas aeruginosa DK2, Pseudomonas aeruginosa B136–33, Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAO1, Pseudomonas aeruginosa NCGM2.S1, Pseudomonas aeruginosa LESB58

GH13

Maltose α-d-glucosyltransferase, trehalose synthase, α-amylase

NODE_5876_length_208_cov_1.855769_1_276_-

Klebsiella pneumoniae NTUH-K2044, Klebsiella pneumoniae subsp. pneumoniae 1084, Klebsiella pneumoniae subsp. pneumoniae MGH 78578 ATCC 700721, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Klebsiella pneumoniae KCTC 2242

GH13|CBM34

Maltodextrin glucosidase

NODE_7762_length_298_cov_1.144295_1_366_-

Klebsiella pneumoniae subsp. pneumoniae HS11286, Klebsiella pneumoniae NTUH-K2044, Klebsiella variicola At-22, Klebsiella pneumoniae subsp. pneumoniae 1084, Klebsiella pneumoniae KCTC 2242, Klebsiella pneumoniae 342

GH23

Transglycosylase, Slt family

NODE_2599_length_298_cov_1.399329_1_366_-

Pantoea sp. AS1

GH23

Lytic transglycosylase F

NODE_2200_length_253_cov_7.509881_1_321_-

Azoarcus sp. BH72

GH23

Transglycosylase

NODE_5069_length_206_cov_1.009709_1_218_+

Paracoccus alcaliphilus

GH23

Transglycosylase SLT domain-containing protein

NODE_662_length_247_cov_1.692308_1_315_+

Sphingobium yanoikuyae

GH28

Exo-poly-alpha-d-galacturonosidase

NODE_3908_length_235_cov_2.161702_1_303_-

Sphingobium yanoikuyae

GH3

β-Glucosidase

NODE_1878_length_262_cov_3.122137_1_330_+

Sphingobium yanoikuyae

GH3

β-Glucosidase

NODE_2573_length_202_cov_1.816832_1_270_-

Dyella japonica

GH3

Serine hydrolase

NODE_8591_length_292_cov_1.068493_1_360_-

Dyella jiangningensis

GH3

Serine hydrolase

NODE_6030_length_152_cov_3.302632_1_220_-

Dyella japonica

GH3

Serine hydrolase

NODE_3562_length_235_cov_1.365957_1_303_+

Sphingobium yanoikuyae

GH3

β-Glucosidase

NODE_2535_length_220_cov_1.418182_17_288_-

Enterobacter cloacae EcWSU1

GH31

α-Glucosidase

NODE_5102_length_288_cov_1.451389_1_356_+

Novosphingobium lindaniclasticum

GH32

Sulfoxide reductase heme-binding subunit YedZ

NODE_2470_length_195_cov_1.123077_1_263_-

Pseudomonas sp. ATCC 13867

GH33

Dihydrodipicolinate synthase

NODE_3807_length_220_cov_1.659091_1_288_-

Pseudomonas spp.

GH37

Alpha, alpha-trehalase

NODE_3648_length_147_cov_3.619048_1_214_+

Sphingobium sp. AP50

GH37

Alpha, alpha-trehalase

NODE_6376_length_211_cov_1.677725_1_279_-

Sphingobium yanoikuyae

GH43

Arylsulfatase

NODE_3174_length_220_cov_1.795455_1_288_-

Caulobacter segnis ATCC 21756

GH43

Glycosyl hydrolase

NODE_4474_length_145_cov_2.613793_1_213_-

Sphingobium yanoikuyae

GH51

Alpha-N-arabinofuranosidase, alpha-l-arabinofuranosidase

NODE_5021_length_187_cov_1.946524_1_255_-

Pseudomonas spp.

GH53

Diguanylate cyclase

NODE_806_length_180_cov_1.127778_1_248_-

Mycobacterium spp.

GH63

Glycogen debranching protein

NODE_3706_length_225_cov_1.666667_17_293_-

Cupriavidus sp. amp6

GH72

GTP-binding protein YchF

NODE_2527_length_263_cov_1.615970_1_331_-

Sphingomonas sp. NFR15

GH78

Alpha-l-rhamnosidase

NODE_5291_length_236_cov_1.822034_1_304_-

Acidobacterium capsulatum ATCC 51196

GH79

Chain A, crystal structure of β-glucuronidase

NODE_7967_length_218_cov_2.000000_1_286_-

Terriglobus sp. TAA 43

GH8

Endoglucanase

NODE_8032_length_165_cov_1.351515_1_232_+

Terriglobus sp. TAA 43

GH92

Alpha-mannosidase

NODE_878_length_314_cov_4.114650_17_382_-

Klebsiella pneumoniae

GH92

Short-chain dehydrogenase/reductase SDR

NODE_6075_length_277_cov_1.241877_1_345_-

Novosphingobium panipatense

GH92

Metallophosphoesterase

NODE_5945_length_252_cov_1.484127_1_320_+

Enterobacteriaceae bacterium DC416, Pantoea cypripedii

GT1

Zeaxanthin glucosyltransferase

NODE_4367_length_123_cov_3.170732_1_191_+

Pseudomonas spp.

GT2

Glucan biosynthesis glucosyltransferase H

NODE_6688_length_238_cov_1.373950_1_306_-

Luteibacter spp.

GT2

Sensor histidine kinase

NODE_429_length_307_cov_1.420195_1_375_-

Sphingobium yanoikuyae

GT2

Cellulose synthase catalytic subunit (UDP-forming)

NODE_8608_length_193_cov_1.663212_1_261_-

Cupriavidus pauculus

GT2

DNA-binding response regulator

NODE_8082_length_308_cov_1.019480_1_376_-

Acidobacteria bacterium

GT2

Cysteine-tRNA ligase

NODE_8019_length_166_cov_1.590361_1_234_-

Bacillus sp. LK2

GT2

Non-ribosomal peptide synthetase

NODE_7554_length_274_cov_1.547445_1_342_-

Pseudomonas spp.

GT2

Non-ribosomal peptide synthetase

NODE_6340_length_262_cov_1.774809_1_330_-

Acinetobacter baumannii

GT2

DNA-binding response regulator

NODE_6666_length_155_cov_1.922581_1_223_-

Pseudomonas spp.

GT2

Diguanylate cyclase

NODE_4265_length_277_cov_1.346570_168_345_-

Rhizobium sp. NT-26

GT20

Trehalose-6-phosphate synthase

NODE_1784_length_280_cov_1.378571_1_348_-

Sphingomonas sp. MM-1

GT28

Undecaprenyl-diphosphomuramoyl pentapeptide beta-N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase

NODE_6862_length_207_cov_1.608696_1_275_-

Phenylobacterium spp.

GT28

Rod shape-determining protein-RodA

NODE_2164_length_148_cov_1.925676_1_216_-

Azospirillum brasilense Sp245

GT4

UDP-galactopyranose mutase

NODE_3242_length_217_cov_1.447005_1_285_-

Geobacter sp. M18

GT41

Glycosyltransferase

NODE_4396_length_252_cov_1.111111_17_320_-

Pseudoxanthomonas spadix BD-a59

GT49

C4-dicarboxylate transport protein

NODE_8448_length_151_cov_1.350993_1_219_-

Sphingobium yanoikuyae

GT49

Dicarboxylate/amino acid:cation symporter

NODE_272_length_160_cov_1.768750_1_228_-

Achromobacter spp.

GT5

Histidine kinase

NODE_1519_length_282_cov_1.148936_1_350_+

Sphingobium spp.

GT51

Penicillin-binding protein

NODE_7662_length_265_cov_1.418868_1_333_-

Methylobacterium radiotolerans JCM 2831

GT51

Penicillin-binding protein 1A

NODE_5621_length_311_cov_1.035370_1_378_+

Sphingomonas spp.

GT51

Penicillin-binding protein

NODE_2467_length_181_cov_1.049724_1_249_-

Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAO1, Pseudomonas aeruginosa B136–33, Pseudomonas aeruginosa DK2, Pseudomonas aeruginosa UCBPP-PA14, Pseudomonas aeruginosa M18, Pseudomonas aeruginosa LESB58, Pseudomonas aeruginosa NCGM2.S1

GT51

Penicillin-binding protein 1B

NODE_6756_length_244_cov_1.627049_1_312_-

Salinispora pacifica

GT51

Penicillin-binding protein 1A

NODE_6722_length_178_cov_2.000000_1_246_+

Bacillus spp.

GT51

Penicillin-binding protein

NODE_2550_length_228_cov_1.763158_1_296_-

Terriglobus roseus DSM 18391

GT83

4-Amino-4-deoxy-L-arabinose transferase

NODE_742_length_196_cov_2.811224_1_264_-

Caulobacter spp.

GT83

Phospholipid carrier-dependent glycosyltransferase; 4-amino-4-deoxy-L-arabinose transferase

NODE_6274_length_182_cov_7.450550_1_250_-

Pseudomonas spp.

GT9

Bifunctional heptose 7-phosphate kinase/heptose 1-phosphate adenyltransferase

NODE_8074_length_252_cov_1.190476_143_320_-

Rhodoplanes sp. Z2-YC6860

GT9

Lipopolysaccharide heptosyltransferase I