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  1. African giant land snails (Archachatina marginata) are hermaphroditic pulmonate nocturnal gastropods of the Achatinidae family. The snail is one of West Africa's largest known terrestrial snails. The majority of ...

    Authors: Titus Adeniyi Olusi, Olugbenga Samuel Babatunde and Muideen Adeniji
    Citation: Bulletin of the National Research Centre 2021 45:183
  2. A study was undertaken to assess the effect of bioactive peptides derived from cottonseed (BPC) supplementation on productive performance, egg quality, and total antioxidant capacity (TAC) of serum and yolk in...

    Authors: Nasir Landy and Farshid Kheiri
    Citation: Bulletin of the National Research Centre 2021 45:182
  3. Nanotechnology's rapid development has been in great demand, particularly for silver nanoparticles, which are useful in a variety of industries including medicine, textiles, and home appliances. Silver nanopar...

    Authors: Prashant J. Burange, Mukund G. Tawar, Ritu A. Bairagi, Vedanshu R. Malviya, Vanshika K. Sahu, Sakshi N. Shewatkar, Roshani A. Sawarkar and Renuka R. Mamurkar
    Citation: Bulletin of the National Research Centre 2021 45:181
  4. Haemonchosis is a serious disease affecting ruminants’ productivity worldwide. Medicinal plants are deemed one of the most natural bio-products safely used as alternatives to the synthetic anthelmintics. In th...

    Authors: Noha M. F. Hassan, Ahmed A. Zaghawa, Nadia M. T. Abu-Elezz, Mohamed A. Nayel and Akram A. Salama
    Citation: Bulletin of the National Research Centre 2021 45:180
  5. Man has a long history of utilizing herbal preparations to treat infections. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the quantitative phytochemical components, gas chromatography–mass spectrometry analysis,...

    Authors: Kingsley Erhons Enerijiofi, Funmilayo Hannah Akapo and Joseph Omorogiuwa Erhabor
    Citation: Bulletin of the National Research Centre 2021 45:179
  6. Was to evaluate effect of clove, turmeric and garlic nano-herbal extracts on surface roughness and microhardness of demineralized dentin, and their bactericidal effect on Streptococcus mutans and Streptococcus so...

    Authors: Lamiaa M. Moharam, Doaa M. Sadony, Manal M. Adel and Karim Montasser
    Citation: Bulletin of the National Research Centre 2021 45:178
  7. Using of nanoparticles in various aspects of life including agriculture, medicine and industry is very crucial. One of the important source for Fe nutrition in plants is Iron oxide nanoparticles (Fe3O4NPs) due to...

    Authors: M. M. Tawfik, Magda H. Mohamed, Mervat Sh. Sadak and Alice T. Thalooth
    Citation: Bulletin of the National Research Centre 2021 45:177
  8. Withania somnifera (L.) Dunal (W. somnifera) is a herb commonly known by its English name as Winter Cherry. Africa is indigenous to many medicinal plants and natural products. However, there is inadequate documen...

    Authors: Henok Kessete Afewerky, Ayeni Emmanuel Ayodeji, Bashir Bolaji Tiamiyu, Joshua Iseoluwa Orege, Emmanuel Sunday Okeke, Aanuoluwapo Opeyemi Oyejobi, Petuel Ndip Ndip Bate and Sherif Babatunde Adeyemi
    Citation: Bulletin of the National Research Centre 2021 45:176
  9. Postharvest treatments are crucial to the quality of cocoa finished products. This study aimed at investigating the effects of durations of fermentation and drying on the quality of cocoa (Theobroma cacao) bea...

    Authors: Emmanuel Ackah and Eric Dompey
    Citation: Bulletin of the National Research Centre 2021 45:175

    The Correction to this article has been published in Bulletin of the National Research Centre 2021 45:184

  10. Cryptosporidium spp. is an intracellular zoonotic protozoan parasite that causes cryptosporidiosis, a diarrhoeal disease of humans and domestic animals. Transmission of Cryptosporidiosis to humans and other anima...

    Authors: Akinbode Ayekooto Olonisakin and Titus Adeniyi Olusi
    Citation: Bulletin of the National Research Centre 2021 45:174
  11. The increase in multidrug resistance (MDR) among pathogenic bacteria responsible for infectious diseases has led to lack of effectiveness of some antibiotics. The ability of Escherichia coli to harbor resistant g...

    Authors: Martha Uzoaru Ajuga, Kome Otokunefor and Obakpororo Ejiro Agbagwa
    Citation: Bulletin of the National Research Centre 2021 45:173
  12. Dromedary camels could be a successful and economic meat provider in poor greenery lands where feeds and water are scarcely available. Moreover, camels need lower amounts of protein in their rations than other...

    Authors: A. Y. El-Badawi, A. Hassan, A. Abedo, M. Yacout, M. Khalel, G. Abou-Ward, F. Helal and S. El-Naggar
    Citation: Bulletin of the National Research Centre 2021 45:172
  13. Blood cleansing, purification, detoxification or strengthening is an ancient folkloric East African practice without any validated scientific underpinnings. This study was undertaken to retrieve ethnobotanical...

    Authors: Timothy Omara
    Citation: Bulletin of the National Research Centre 2021 45:171
  14. Two separate experiments were conducted in the minor season from September to November, 2019 and major season from March to May, 2020 to determining the type of soil amendment and transplanting age that can be...

    Authors: Isaac Addo, Kwadwo Gyasi Santo, Abdul Aziz Khalid and Emmanuel Ackah
    Citation: Bulletin of the National Research Centre 2021 45:170
  15. The use of active carbons derived from waste biomass as adsorbents in the remediation of wastewater remains a valuable and cost-effective technology when compared to the use of commercial active carbon for the...

    Authors: Enebi Estella Jasper, Jude Chinedu Onwuka and Yakubu Manasseh Bidam
    Citation: Bulletin of the National Research Centre 2021 45:168
  16. The most well-known cause of cancer deaths identified in female is breast cancer. Several drugs approved by the food and drug administration (FDA) for the treatment of breast cancer may have adverse health eff...

    Authors: Sagiru Hamza Abdullahi, Adamu Uzairu, Muhammad Tukur Ibrahim and Abdullahi Bello Umar
    Citation: Bulletin of the National Research Centre 2021 45:167
  17. Sugar beet is considered a very important strategic economic crop, as it comes at the second place for white sugar production in Egypt after sugar cane and the sugar percentage in its roots is 20%. This work w...

    Authors: Almoataz Bellah Ali El-Mouhamady, Magdy Ahmad Al-Kordy and Tarik Abdel-Fatah Elewa
    Citation: Bulletin of the National Research Centre 2021 45:166
  18. Ipekere agbado is a traditional maize-based snack consumed in South Western part of Nigeria, but low in protein content and deteriorate within few days. Hence, this study aimed at evaluating the chemical composit...

    Authors: Matthew Olusola Oluwamukomi, Timilehin David Oluwajuyitan and Oluwatobiloba Tolulope Makinde
    Citation: Bulletin of the National Research Centre 2021 45:165
  19. Candida species is considered one of the normal inhabitant commensal microbiota of the human body. However, it can also act as an opportunistic pathogen especially in hospitals (nosocomial infection) and among im...

    Authors: Anas Salama Sayed Hemaid, Mohamed Mahmoud Effat Abdelghany and Tarek Mohamed Abdelghany
    Citation: Bulletin of the National Research Centre 2021 45:163

    The Correction to this article has been published in Bulletin of the National Research Centre 2021 45:201

  20. Data on the prevalence, genotypes and antibiotic resistance patterns of colonizing and infection-associated Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) strains both in humans and animals in Tanzania are scarce. Given the w...

    Authors: Tutu Mzee, Theckla Kazimoto, Joseph Madata, Rose Masalu, Markus Bischoff, Mecky Matee and Sören L. Becker
    Citation: Bulletin of the National Research Centre 2021 45:162
  21. The relation between the macronutrients P and K seems to be synergistic due to the beneficial effects of the interaction between (P × K) and varies according to the variety used. Therefore, two field experimen...

    Authors: E. M. Abd El Lateef, Asal M. Wali and M. S. Abd El-Salam
    Citation: Bulletin of the National Research Centre 2021 45:161
  22. Extraction of the first premolar followed by canine retraction into the extraction space is a common treatment in orthodontics. Molar rotation occurs when they are used as anchorage units for the canine distal...

    Authors: Reem M. AlShazly, Ahmad F. Almohammad, Hend Salah ElSayed and Amr Ragab EL-Beialy
    Citation: Bulletin of the National Research Centre 2021 45:160
  23. The atmosphere is usually contaminated by heavy metals from different natural and anthropogenic sources. The levels of heavy metals in the atmosphere often become harmful and cause environmental pollution with...

    Authors: Bright Chigozie Ichu, Alexander Iheanyichukwu Opara, Emmanuel Nnamdi Ejike, Amarachi Udoka Nkwoada, Francis Chizoruo Ibe and Emmanuel Chuka Dioha
    Citation: Bulletin of the National Research Centre 2021 45:159
  24. There is an exponential rise in the use of farming chemicals in agricultural practices ostensibly to increase food production. The chewing of fresh khat leaves and shoots has spread across the world from ancie...

    Authors: Albert M. Oyugi, Joshua K. Kibet and John O. Adongo
    Citation: Bulletin of the National Research Centre 2021 45:158
  25. Panicle-feeding insects are a challenge in sorghum (Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench) cultivation but most farmers do not protect the crop. Here, the effects of pest management in different sorghum cultivars on grain ...

    Authors: Jerry A. Nboyine, Kenneth Opare-Obuobi, Iddrisu Yahaya, Benjamin K. Badii, Francis Kusi, Asieku Yahaya and Gloria Adazebra
    Citation: Bulletin of the National Research Centre 2021 45:157
  26. Estuarine and marine water quality has remarkable importance because these water resources are used for multiple reasons for instance: transportation, tourism, recreation, and other human or economic ways to u...

    Authors: Ebenezer Aquisman Asare, Zaini Bin Assim, Rafeah Binti Wahi, Rajuna Bin Tahir and Eric Kwabena Droepenu
    Citation: Bulletin of the National Research Centre 2021 45:156
  27. Pet birds are housed and reared exclusively for ornamental use. These include psittaciformes (parrots, parakeets, budgerigars, love birds) and passeriformes (e.g. canaries, finches, sparrows, also called songb...

    Authors: Adelekan Oluseyi Okunlade, Oluwaseun Olanrewaju Esan and Akinlabi Oladele Ogunleye
    Citation: Bulletin of the National Research Centre 2021 45:155
  28. This study aimed to development new faba bean hybrids resistant to chocolate spot disease and using them in breeding programs. Six faba bean genotypes were crossed in a diallel system excluding reciprocals dur...

    Authors: M. M. F. Abdalla, M. M. Shafik, Heba A. M. A. Saleh, M. A. Khater and N. A. Ghazy
    Citation: Bulletin of the National Research Centre 2021 45:154
  29. Several mechanisms had been exhibited by plants to mitigate deleterious effects of salinity stress. A screen house experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of salinity stress on the activities of os...

    Authors: Foluso Ologundudu
    Citation: Bulletin of the National Research Centre 2021 45:152
  30. Strategic crops need to be screened from time to time to select the most tolerant and stable genotypes incompatible with environmental conditions. This research experiments were carried out to screen thirteen ...

    Authors: Samy A. A. Heiba, Samira A. Osman, Sara E. I. Eldessouky, Atef A. A. Haiba and Rania T. Ali
    Citation: Bulletin of the National Research Centre 2021 45:151
  31. High effectiveness of COVID-19 vaccines is essential for the pandemic control. This study systematically reviewed available evidence on effectiveness of ChAdOx1 and BNT162b2 vaccines in the general population,...

    Authors: Chinonyerem O. Iheanacho, Uchenna I. H. Eze and Emmanuel A. Adida
    Citation: Bulletin of the National Research Centre 2021 45:150
  32. Ilmenite and rutile are naturally occurring titanium-bearing heavy minerals. Sri Lanka consists of ilmenite and rutile in placer deposits mainly along the northeast coast. The commercial value of rutile is hig...

    Authors: T. Dilmi. U. Wijewardhana and Amila Sandaruwan Ratnayake
    Citation: Bulletin of the National Research Centre 2021 45:149
  33. Among the physical evidence, bloodstain is one of the most common biological pieces of evidence at the crime scene, especially in violent crimes. Bloodstains are frequently seen at the crime scene and can be e...

    Authors: Tuğba Ünsal Sapan, Işıl Tuna Erdoğan and Sevil Atasoy
    Citation: Bulletin of the National Research Centre 2021 45:148
  34. Actinomycetes are prolific producers of bioactive compounds which can be used to combat microbial infections. Microbial infections have resulted to increase in mortality and morbidity rates world-wide, especia...

    Authors: Olumuyiwa Moses Adeyemo, Mohammed Inuwa Ja’afaru and Feyisayo Victoria Adams
    Citation: Bulletin of the National Research Centre 2021 45:147
  35. This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of radiation exposure and storage time on the degree of conversion (DC%) and flexural strength (FS) of three different resin composites. In total, 90 disk-shaped...

    Authors: Ragia M. Taher, Lamiaa M. Moharam, Amin E. Amin, Mohamed H. Zaazou, Farid S. El-Askary and Mokhtar N. Ibrahim
    Citation: Bulletin of the National Research Centre 2021 45:146
  36. The areas of application of natural fibres have gained popularity in recent times due to their attractive advantages when compared with other materials of engineering. These advantages include lightness, cost-...

    Authors: Raphael Stone Odera, Onukwuli Dominic Okechukwu, Ernest Mbamalu Ezeh, Mathew Chukwudi Menkiti and Peter Chinedu Agu
    Citation: Bulletin of the National Research Centre 2021 45:145
  37. The literature shows that ABO blood groups and demographic characteristics influence susceptibility to type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and may be used to stem the rising incidence of the disease. However, thes...

    Authors: Tajudeen O. Yahaya, Esther O. Oladele, Mari B. Mshelia, Mutiu O. Sifau, Oluwatosin D. Fashola, M. D. A. Bunza and Josephine Nathaniel
    Citation: Bulletin of the National Research Centre 2021 45:144
  38. Daucus carota subsp. sativus (Black carrots) are underutilized in context to their nutritional properties. In this study, Kanji, a naturally fermented probiotic beverage, was prepared using Daucus carota subsp. s...

    Authors: Chetna Sharma, Param Pal Sahota and Sarabjit Kaur
    Citation: Bulletin of the National Research Centre 2021 45:143
  39. Virtual anthropology in estimating stature through multislice computed tomography scanning is important for forensic cases and mass disasters. Regression formulae generated directly from other post-cranial ske...

    Authors: Poh Soon Lai, Mohamad Helmee Mohamad Noor and Nurliza Abdullah
    Citation: Bulletin of the National Research Centre 2021 45:142
  40. The choice between extraction and expansion treatment is an endless debate in orthodontics. Ethnic and secular variations showed that there was a change in  arch perimeter over the last 50 years. Accordingly,...

    Authors: Omnia A. Elhiny, Mohammed Abou Elyazied and Ghada A. Salem
    Citation: Bulletin of the National Research Centre 2021 45:141
  41. A novel corona virus is formally named as severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), which results in causing coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). It is the latest prevalent pandemic worldwi...

    Authors: Sankari Mohan, M. Reshma Anjum, Anusha Kodidasu, T. V. N. Sai Prathyusha, Nunna Venkata Mrunalini and B. Kishori
    Citation: Bulletin of the National Research Centre 2021 45:139
  42. Gastroenteritis is a common infectious disease in children, which results in high mortality and morbidity, especially in resource-poor countries. This study presents the selected main gastroenteritis causing b...

    Authors: Mohammad Sharif Uddin, Md. Mijanur Rahman, Md. Omar Faruk, Asma Talukder, Md. Imranul Hoq, Suman Das and K. M. Shariful Islam
    Citation: Bulletin of the National Research Centre 2021 45:138
  43. This study attempts to review the role of slaughter facilities management of all zoonotic diseases encountered at the abattoirs as well as the safety of meat produced for public consumption in abattoirs in Nig...

    Authors: Salisu Ibrahim, Bilkisu Yunusa Kaltungo, Hajara Buhari Uwale, Alhassan Yunusa Baba, Shehu Na-Allah Saidu, Farouk Umar Mohammed and Hashimu Mohammed Dahiru
    Citation: Bulletin of the National Research Centre 2021 45:137
  44. Women's pain satisfaction post-cesarean section remains a challenge. Accurate assessment of pain severity of post-cesarean section helps to choose the most appropriate anesthetic approach, drug, and dose, as w...

    Authors: Sondos M. Salem, Mazen Abdel-Rasheed, Mohammad A. Gouda and Sameh Salama
    Citation: Bulletin of the National Research Centre 2021 45:132

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