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Table 3 Characteristics of selected studies

From: Assessment of estimated low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-c) equations: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Author

Year

Type of study

Ref. method

Study participants

Setting

Sample size

Unit used

Excluded TG > 400 mg/dl

Atabi et al.

2020

Comparative study

Direct methods in which blocking agents inhibit lipoproteins other than LDL

General adult workers

Iran

500

mg/dl

Yes

Chaen et al.

2016

Validation study

Selective solubilization method

Type 2 diabetics

Japan

1828

mg/dl

Yes

Chen et al.

2010

New tool

Not specified

Out patients

China

2180

mg/dl

No

Choi et al.

2021

Validation study

Enzymatic method

Korean adults

South Korea

8250

mg/dl

No

Chung et al.

2018

Validation study

Not specified

Patients with coronary artery calcium score (CACS) ≥ 300

South Korea

299

mg/dl

Yes

Dansethakul et al.

2015

New tool

Homogenous enzymatic method

Residents of urban Thailand visiting for annual medical check-ups

Thailand

1786

mg/dl

No

Ephraim et al.

2018

Comparative study

Enzymatic method

Patients with no evidence of metabolic disease visiting laboratory in Ghana

Ghana

1518

mmol/l

Yes

Ferrinho et al.

2021

Comparative study

Direct colorimetric method

General Portuguese population

Portugal

1689

mg/dl

Yes

Gasko et al.

2006

Validation study

Not specified

Brazilian adult population

Brazil

10,000

both

No

Ghasemi et al.

2018

Validation study

Direct enzymatic method

General

Iran

4750

mg/dl

Yes

Kang et al.

2017

Comparative study

Enzymatic method

Koreans

South Korea

4270

mg/dl

yes

Karkhaneh et al.

2019

Comparative study

Enzymatic colorimetric assay

People from Tehran city

Iran

2752

mmol/l

No

Lee et al.*

2016

Validation study

Enzymatic homogeneous assay

Korean adults

South Korea

5790

mg/dl

No

MartĂ­nez-Morillo et al.

2021

Comparative study

Enzymatic colorimetric assay

 

Spain

6113

mmol/l

No

Molavi et al.

2020

Comparative study

Enzymatic method

Iranian children and adolescent

Iran

3844

mg/dl

No

Pradhan et al.

2020

Validation study

Enzymatic method

 

Nepal

538

mg/dl

No

Razi et al.

2017

Comparative study

Enzymatic photometric method

Type 2 diabetics

Iran

1721

mg/dl

No

Rim et al.

2016

Comparative study

Enzymatic method

General adult patients

South Korea

168,316

mg/dl

Yes

Sajja et al.*

2021

Comparative study

VAP, a rapid ultracentrifugation technique

General

USA

111,939

mg/dl

No, all cases have TG > 400

Sampson et al.

2020

Validation study

Î’-quantification

Not specified

Not specified

8656

mg/dl

No

Singh et al.

2020

Validation study

Not specified

New York residents

USA

10,936

mg/dl

No

Song et al.

2021

Comparative study

Homogeneous direct assay

Asymptomatic Korean adults

South Korea

177,111

mg/dl

No

Sonoda et al.

2018

Validation study

Selective solubilization method

Japanese cardiovascular disease patients treated with statin

Japan

385

mg/dl

No

Sonsok et al.

2020

Comparative study

Homogenous direct enzymatic assay

Residents of Nadun district

Thailand

32,258

mmol/l

No

Vujovic et al.*

2010

Validation study

Enzymatic colorimetric assay

Patients visiting for routine checkup

Serbia

1043

mmol/L

No

  1. *Studies not included in the meta-correlational analysis due to insufficient information