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Table 1 Antibiotic resistance pattern of E. coli and K. pneumoniae isolated from hospital and community sewage

From: Multidrug-resistant Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae isolated from hospital sewage flowing through community sewage system and discharging into the Indian Ocean

Antibiotics

E. coli

K. pneumoniae

Resistance, n (%)

Resistance, n (%)

Hospital (n = 92)

Community (n = 138)

p-value

Hospital (n = 48)

Community (n = 93)

p-value

AMP

67 (72.8%)

101 (73.2%)

0.534

48 (100%)

87 (93.5%)

0.078

CTX

48 (52.2%)

82 (59.4%)

0.171

31 (64.6%)

45 (48.4%)

0.049

CHL

06 (6.5%)

36 (26.1%)

0.0001

8 (16.7%)

11 (11.8%)

0.291

GEN

38 (41.3%)

48 (34.8%)

0.194

19 (39.6%)

12 (12.9%)

0.0001

TET

61 (66.3%)

77 (55.8%)

0.072

11 (22.9%)

28 (30.1%)

0.242

NAL

47 (51.1%)

79 (57.2%)

0.216

23 (47.9%)

33 (35.5%)

0.106

CIP

72 (78.3%)

119 (86.2%)

0.082

36 (75.0%)

73 (78.5%)

0.394

IMI

37 (40.2%)

53 (38.4%)

0.380

21 (43.8%)

25 (26.9%)

0.034

SXT

58 (63.0%)

74 (53.6%)

0.100

30 (62.5%)

34 (36.6%)

0.003

  1. n = Total number of isolates in the corresponding sewage system, AMP  ampicillin, CTX cefotaxime, CHL chloramphenicol, GEN  gentamicin, TET tetracycline, NAL nalidixic acid, CIP ciprofloxacin, IMI imipenem, SXT sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprim