Protective effects of coconut water against the intraperitoneal infused carbon tetrachloride-induced toxicity—evaluations of biochemical, haematological and histopathological profiles in rats

Emmanuel, Okezie; Elekwa, Ifeanyichukwu; Paul-Joseph, Chidiebere; Ude, Victor C.; Egedeuzu, Ozioma G.; Ijioma, Solomon N.; Amachaghi, Victor Obioma; Uche-Ikonne, Chikezie; Ugbogu, Eziuche A.

doi:10.1186/s42269-022-00893-y

Bulletin of the National Research Centre

Table 3 Protective effect of coconut water on haematological parameters of carbon tetrachloride-induced toxicity in male (A) and female (B) rats

From: Protective effects of coconut water against the intraperitoneal infused carbon tetrachloride-induced toxicity—evaluations of biochemical, haematological and histopathological profiles in rats

Parameters	Control	CCl₄ only	Coconut water (mL/kg)
Parameters	Control	CCl₄ only	2 mL/kg	4 mL/kg	6 mL/kg
A
RBC (× 10¹²/L)	5.13 ± 0.15^a	4.47 ± 0.15^a	5.00 ± 0.10^a	5.30 ± 0.10^a	6.07 ± 0.15^a
PCV (%)	46.67 ± 1.53^a	40.00 ± 1.00^b	47.67 ± 3.21^a	50.00 ± 1.00^c	52.67 ± 1.53^c
HB (g/dL)	14.43 ± 0.38^a	13.27 ± 0.25^b	14.60 ± 0.53^a	14.97 ± 0.25^a	15.07 ± 0.15^a
WBC (× 10⁹/L)	7.23 ± 0.35^a	10.13 ± 0.35^b	6.93 ± 0.31^a	8.43 ± 0.38^a	7.50 ± 0.30^a
Platelet (× 10⁹/L)	29.00 ± 2.65^a	17.67 ± 2.52^b	31.67 ± 1.53^a	29.33 ± 4.16^a	26.33 ± 4.04^a
MCV (fl)	90.93 ± 1.14^a	89.57 ± 0.99^a	95.30 ± 5.15^a	94.30 ± 0.10^a	87.37 ± 3.16^a
MCH (pg)	28.10 ± 0.46^a	29.70 ± 0.46^a	29.20 ± 0.72^a	28.23 ± 0.12^a	24.87 ± 0.90^b
MCHC (g/L)	309.33 ± 2.64^a	331.70 ± 2.12^b	306.73 ± 9.98^a	299.33 ± 1.15^a	286.57 ± 6.85^a
Neutrophil (%)	60.67 ± 2.31^a	41.33 ± 3.06^b	48.33 ± 1.53^c	50.00 ± 1.00^c	52.00 ± 1.00^c
Lymphocyte (%)	32.00 ± 2.00^a	51.33 ± 3.21^b	45.33 ± 2.52^c	42.67 ± 1.53^c	41.00 ± 1.00^c
Monocyte (%)	4.67 ± 0.58^a	3.67 ± 0.58^a	3.33 ± 0.58^a	4.00 ± 0.00^a	3.33 ± 0.58^a
Eosinophil (%)	2.67 ± 0.58^a	3.33 ± 0.58^a	2.67 ± 0.58^a	2.67 ± 1.15^a	2.67 ± 0.58^a
Basophil (%)	0.00 ± 0.00	0.00 ± 0.00	0.00 ± 0.00	0.00 ± 0.00	1.00 ± 0.00
B
RBC (× 10¹²/L)	6.80 ± 0.50^a	5.90 ± 0.40^a	6.10 ± 0.60^a	6.90 ± 0.06^a	7.00 ± 0.90^a
PCV (%)	48.30 ± 2.50^a	43.60 ± 2.00^b	48.30 ± 3.50^a	52.00 ± 3.60^c	57.70 ± 3.00^c
HB (g/dL)	15.80 ± 0.81^a	14.80 ± 0.20^b	15.70 ± 0.50^a	16.00 ± 0.60^a	16.10 ± 0.90^a
WBC (× 10⁹/L)	9.90 ± 0.82^a	11.67 ± 0.78^b	8.90 ± 0.42^a	10.00 ± 0.67^a	9.10 ± 0.20^a
Platelet (× 10⁹/L)	51.30 ± 2.50^a	44.60 ± 3.70^b	37.80 ± 3.60^c	45.00 ± 2.40^b	37.30 ± 1.58^c
MCV (fl)	90.30 ± 3.70^a	88.70 ± 3.10^a	93.20 ± 2.80^a	86.80 ± 2.40^a	93.40 ± 4.70^a
MCH (pg)	29.10 ± 1.60^a	29.30 ± 0.81^a	29.37 ± 0.80^a	26.20 ± 1.30^b	26.70 ± 1.25^b
MCHC (g/L)	313.40 ± 3.50^a	325.50 ± 9.90^b	307.70 ± 12.40^a	295.50 ± 8.80^c	271.20 ± 7.10^d
Neutrophil (%)	65.60 ± 3.00^a	36.60 ± 2.00^b	44.30 ± 3.20^c	45.60 ± 1.50^c	47.00 ± 3.60^c
Lymphocyte (%)	27.60 ± 1.50^a	56.60 ± 2.15^b	49.30 ± 2.80^c	48.30 ± 2.80^c	45.60 ± 2.90^d
Monocyte (%)	4.60 ± 0.58^a	4.30 ± 0.58^a	4.30 ± 0.58^a	4.30 ± 0.58^a	4.00 ± 0.60^a
Eosinophil (%)	4.33 ± 0.58^a	3.33 ± 0.58^b	3.67 ± 0.58^b	3.67 ± 0.58^b	3.33 ± 1.15^b
Basophil (%)	0.00 ± 0.00	0.00 ± 0.00	0.00 ± 0.00	0.00 ± 0.00	0.00 ± 0.00

RBC, Red blood cells; PCV, packed cell volume; HB, haemoglobin; MCV, mean corpuscular volume; MCH, mean corpuscular haemoglobin; MCHC, mean corpuscular haemoglobin concentration; and WBC, white blood cell. Values in the row bearing the same letters of the alphabet are not statistically significant (p > 0.05) from one another. The data were analysed with one-way ANOVA and expressed as mean ± SD, then compared to controls, n = 6. Different letters (a, b or c) p < 0.05 both male and female rats show significant difference between the tested groups (2, 4 and 6 mL/kg) compared to the negative control

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