Metabolites/groups | I (NC) | II (STZ) | III (STZ + DEN) | IV (STZ + DEN + asarone) | V (STZ + DEN + metformin) | HMDB | KEGG |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Energy metabolism | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
Pyruvate (mg/dL) | 1.33 ± 0.03 | 0.97 ± 0.11* | 1.79 ± 0.09** | 0.57 ± 0.07***,a | 0.66 ± 0.02***,a | HMDB00243 | C00022 |
Lactate (mg/dL) | 42.33 ± 1.49 | 35.50 ± 5.01 | 74.00 ± 9.17* | 46.39 ± 3.46c | 44.88 ± 8.76c | HMDB00190 | C00186 |
Creatine (mg/dL) | 1.27 ± 0.13 | 0.85 ± 0.05 | 2.61 ± 0.55* | 1.30 ± 0.16c | 1.36 ± 0.31†| HMDB00064 | C00300 |
Lipid metabolism | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
Acetate (mg/dL) | 0.22 ± 0.02 | 1.88 ± 0.34*** | 1.71 ± 0.23*** | 0.73 ± 0.13c | 0.48 ± 0.12b | HMDB00042 | C00033 |
Amino acid metabolism | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
Valine (mg/dL) | 1.60 ± 0.13 | 1.01 ± 0.32 | 1.12 ± 0.08 | 1.47 ± 0.21 | 1.19 ± 0.17 | HMDB00883 | C00183 |
Alanine (mg/dL) | 6.45 ± 0.27 | 4.02 ± 0.39** | 4.51 ± 0.29* | 5.94 ± 0.35 | 6.78 ± 0.62b | HMDB00161 | C00041 |
Glutamine (mg/dL) | 8.03 ± 0.16 | 4.99 ± 0.36*** | 4.81 ± 0.25*** | 8.69 ± 0.18a | 7.44 ± 0.59a | HMDB00641 | C00064 |