1H-NMR-based serum metabolomic study to evaluate the effect of asarone and metformin on experimentally induced diabetic hepatocellular carcinoma in rats

Bulletin of the National Research Centre

Table 2 Effect of asarone and metformin on various blood serum parameters

Parameters/groups	I (NC)	II (STZ)	III (STZ + DEN)	IV (STZ + DEN + asarone)	V (STZ + DEN + metformin)
Glucose (mg/dL)	88.88 ± 1.73	376.70 ± 31.67***	331.70 ± 26.27***	175.40 ± 18.93*,^a	129.90 ± 10.19††,^a
TG (mg/dL)	49.00 ± 1.61	103.60 ± 1.91***	138.50 ± 2.91***	105.30 ± 5.30***,^a	90.50 ± 4.00***, †,^a
TC (mg/dL)	57.13 ± 2.03	129.90 ± 1.80***	156.70 ± 2.15^***	125.90 ± 3.31***,^a	94.57 ± 8.24***, †††,^a
LDL-c (mg/dL)	31.25 ± 0.52	65.20 ± 2.14***	75.67 ± 1.86***	60.79 ± 1.60***	51.24 ± 7.91*,^b
HDL-c (mg/dL)	57.75 ± 1.50	38.29 ± 0.96***	37.50 ± 0.95***	41.57 ± 0.81***	45.50 ± 2.25***,^b

NC normal control; STZ streptozotocin; DEN diethylnitrosamine; TG triglycerides; TC total cholesterol; LDL-c low-density lipoprotein cholesterol; HDL-c high-density lipoprotein cholesterol
The effect of asarone and metformin on the levels of glucose and lipid profile in different experimental groups. All the values are presented as mean ± SEM; One-way ANOVA followed by Bonferroni test, where, *p < 0.05, ***p < 0.001 compared to the normal group, ^bp < 0.01, ^ap < 0.001 compared to STZ + DEN-induced group and †p < 0.05, ††p < 0.01, †††p < 0.001 compared to STZ + DEN + asarone-treated group