Table 2 Characteristics of the included studies, according to Author and year of publication; Place and type of injury, Technique and Parameters in the use of Laser and outcome
Author and Year | Local and type of lesion | Technique applied and Laser parameter | Outcome |
|---|---|---|---|
BrandĆ£o et. al. (2021) | Upper lip, lower lip and anterior dorsum of tongue. Necrotic and aphthous ulcers | PBMT. 40 mW, beam area 0.04 cm2, 1Ā W/cm 2 irradiance, energy 0.4Ā J and 10Ā J/cm2 creep and 660Ā nm | Symptom relief within 2Ā days and complete resolution of lesions within 11Ā days |
BrandĆ£o et. al. (2021) | Upper lip, lower lip and anterior dorsum of tongue. Necrotic areas and aphthous ulcers | PBMT. 40 mW, beam area 0.04 cm2, 1Ā W/cm2 irradiance, energy 0.4Ā J and 10Ā J/cm2 creep and 660Ā nm | Improvement of intraoral lesions in 10Ā days and lip ulcerations there was no improvement until the publication of the case, as well as the clinical case of the patient |
BrandĆ£o et. al. (2021) | Lateral edge of tongue and palate. Petechiae and necrotic areas | PBMT. 40 mW, beam area 0.04 cm2, 1Ā W/cm 2 irradiance, energy 0.4Ā J and 10Ā J/cm2 creep and 660Ā nm | Total pain control in 5Ā days |
BrandĆ£o et. al. (2021) | Upper and lower lip mucosa. Necrotic and hemorrhagic ulcers | PBMT. 40 mW, beam area 0.04 cm2, 1Ā W/cm 2 irradiance, energy 0.4Ā J and 10Ā J/cm2 creep and 660Ā nm | Pain regression and clinical improvement in 7Ā days |
Teixeira et. al. (2021) | Upper and lower lip injury. Hemorrhagic and necrotic ulcers | PBMT and aPDT. 100 mW, 33Ā J/cm2, 0.5Ā J and 5Ā s per point. A total of 6 points were distributed for the injuries. Soon after, an aPDT technique was performed, with 0.01% methylene blue applied to all lesions, and after 3Ā min (pre-irradiation time), the same laser parameters were used, but providing 40Ā s (4Ā J) per lesion, 660Ā nm | Total improvement of the lesion in 3Ā days and healing within the first 24Ā h |
Teixeira et. al. (2021) | Upper and lower lip injury. Erythematous lesions | PBMT and aPDT. 100 mW, 33Ā J/cm2, 0.5Ā J and 5Ā s per point. A total of 6 points were distributed for the injuries. Soon after, an aPDT technique was performed, with 0.01% methylene blue applied to all lesions, and after 3Ā min (pre-irradiation time), the same laser parameters were used, but providing 40Ā s (4Ā J) per lesion, 660Ā nm | Total improvement of the lesion after 24Ā h |
Teixeira et. al. (2021) | Upper and lower lip injury. Painful scaly lip lesions | PBMT and aPDT. 100 mW, 33Ā J/cm2, 0.5Ā J and 5Ā s per point. A total of 6 points were distributed for the injuries. Soon after, an aPDT technique was performed, with 0.01% methylene blue applied to all lesions, and after 3Ā min (pre-irradiation time), the same laser parameters were used, but providing 40Ā s (4Ā J) per lesion, 660Ā nm | Total improvement of lesions in 3Ā days |
Teixeira et. al. (2021) | Upper and lower lip injury. Painful scaly lip lesions | PBMT and aPDT. 100 mW, 33Ā J/cm2, 0.5Ā J and 5Ā s per point. A total of 6 points were distributed for the injuries. Soon after, an aPDT technique was performed, with 0.01% methylene blue applied to all lesions, and after 3Ā min (pre-irradiation time), the same laser parameters were used, but providing 40Ā s (4Ā J) per lesion, 660Ā nm | Complete resolution of lesions within 4Ā days |
Ramires et. al. (2021) | Upper and lower lip injury. Extensive necrotic ulcers | PBMT and aPDT. aPDT was performed for 2Ā days. For this, 0.01% methylene blue was applied to all lesions after 5Ā min (pre-irradiation time), 100 mW, 32.14Ā J/cm2, 9Ā J and 9Ā s per point and PBMT 100 mW, 17.8Ā J/cm2, 1Ā J and 10Ā s of irradiation per spot at 660 and 808Ā nm, using a laser device programming tool that changes the wavelength periodically (every 5Ā s) | Wound healing in 4Ā days |
Baeder et. al. (2021) | Region between attached gingiva and palate. Ulcers, erythema and vesicles | PBMT. 3Ā J every 2Ā days for 1Ā week, 660Ā nm | Burning ceased in 7Ā days and after 14Ā days, the lesions disappeared completely |
Garcez et. al. (2021) | Upper and lower lips and inner labial mucosa of the gingiva. Edema with mucosal desquamation, ulceration and blood crusts on the inner surface of the labial mucosa, gingival petechiae and erythematous/pseudomembranous lesions on the dorsum of the tongue, suggestive of candidiasis | PBMT and aPDT. aPDT was performed using a low power laser and methylene blue as a photosensitizer. 300Ā Ī¼M aqueous methylene blue solution was applied to the lips, palate and tongue with a cotton swab for 1Ā min, followed by irradiation of a laser light source operating at 100 mW and 660Ā nm with the following protocol: 90Ā s, resulting in an energy of 9Ā J per irradiation point and an energy density of 300Ā J/cm2, total of 6 pointsāincluding lips (4 points), palate (2 points) and tongue (4 points), the total irradiation time was 15Ā min. After the aPDT sessions, oral lesions were irradiated with 2Ā J of energy per point to cover the oral mucosa surface bilaterally (5 points on each side) using the same equipment, resulting in 20Ā s of irradiation per point and energy density per stitch of 66Ā J/cm2 | Oral lesions improved after 3Ā days of aPDT after which treatment was followed with PBM for 4Ā days. The patient did not complain of discomfort in the tongue and lips after starting the photodynamic treatment with an antimicrobial |