Clinical features, laboratory characteristics and risk factors for mortality of COVID-19 patients in a secondary hospital in Oman during the first wave of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic

Almayahi, Zayid K.; Raveendran, A. V.; Al Malki, Rashid; Safwat, Amira; Al Baloshi, Muradjan; Abbas, Amal; Al Salami, Ahmed S.; Al Mujaini, Sami M.; Al Dhuhli, Khalid; Al Mandhari, Said

doi:10.1186/s42269-022-00825-w

Bulletin of the National Research Centre

Table 3 Comparison of Laboratory parameters, vital signs and respiratory function indicators and outcome of hospitalised patients with COVID19

From: Clinical features, laboratory characteristics and risk factors for mortality of COVID-19 patients in a secondary hospital in Oman during the first wave of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic

Lab test, units	Normal range	Death		Discharged		p value
Lab test, units	Normal range	N, %	Mean + SD	N, %	Mean + SD	p value
WBC count, 10⁹/L	4–11	112, 24.8	9.54 ± 6.77	340, 75.2	7.11 ± 3.77	< 0.001*
Neutrophils, per cmm	2–7.5	112, 24.8	7.77 ± 6.31	340, 75.2	5.20 ± 3.46	< 0.001*
Lymphocytes, per cmm	1.5–4.5	112, 24.8	1.13 ± 0.71	340, 75.2	1.30 ± 0.77	0.039*
Eosinophils, per cmm	0.0–0.4	112, 24.8	0.02 ± 0.08	340, 75.2	0.03 ± 0.07	0.232
Basophils, per cmm	0.0–0.1	112, 24.9	0.05 ± 0.05	338, 75.1	0.06 ± 0.14	0.525
Platelet count, 10³/L	150–450	112, 24.8	225.43 ± 105.94	340, 75.2	234.08 ± 100.07	0.434
Hemoglobin, g/dL	11.5–16.5	112, 24.8	12.25 ± 2.51	340, 75.2	12.67 ± 2.06	0.074
CRP, mg/L	0–5	106, 25.3	153.70 ± 97.73	313, 74.7	110.15 ± 88.64	< 0.001*
Serum Urea, mmol/L	2.5–7.5	112, 25.7	19.80 ± 14.04	324, 74.3	6.97 ± 6.21	< 0.001*
Serum sodium, mmol/L	136–146	112, 25.7	137.18 ± 9.27	324, 74.3	135.10 ± 4.42	0.002*
Serum creatinine, µg/L	45–100	112, 25.7	147.66 ± 190.67	324, 74.3	98.54 ± 132.10	0.003*
eGFR, ml/min/1.73m²	> 90	111, 26.6	44.53 ± 31.25	306, 73.4	77.88 ± 21.75	< 0.001*
Troponin, pg/ml	0–14	94, 29.4	253.48 ± 955.45	226, 70.6	45.54 ± 167.142	0.002*
LDH, U/L	240–480	105, 29.9	1042.17 ± 2418.38	246, 70.1	429.58 ± 18,503	< 0.001*
Ferritin, µg/L	18–323	102, 29.6	2572.26 ± 5558.68	243, 70.4	1532.26 ± 2763.93	0.021*
Glucose, mmol/L	< 11	69, 31.5	15.27 ± 6.45	150, 68.5	13.09 ± 7.06	< 0.030*
D-dimer, µg/mL	0–0.5	17, 19.1	2.02 ± 2.17	72, 80.9	2.16 ± 6.97	0.934
Serum lactate, mmol/L	0.5–2.2	27, 51.9	2.15 ± 0.91	25, 48.1	1.83 ± 0.901	0.210
INR	2–4	60, 34.7	1.25 ± 0.302	113, 65.3	1.43 ± 1.92	0.457
Corrected calcium,mmol/L	2.1–2.6	59, 41.5	2.26 ± 0.14	83, 58.5	2.27 ± 0.12	0.869
ALT, IU/L	0–40	109, 26.2	214.90 ± 767.43	307, 73.8	52.61 ± 82.81	< 0.001*
Total bilirubin, mmol/L	3–17	109, 26.2	17.03 ± 16.95	307, 73.8	13.49 ± 15.84	0.049*
Albumin, g/L	35–50	109, 26.1	28.51 ± 5.18	308, 73.9	35.22 ± 17.22	< 0.001*
pH	7.35–7.45	76, 64.4	7.33 ± 0.122	42, 35.6	7.37 ± 0.104	0.062
pCO2, mmHg	35–45	76, 65.5	44.62 ± 21.05	40, 34.5	36.96 ± 9.76	0.032*
pO2, mmHg	80–100	74, 64.3	66.13 ± 30.12	41, 35.7	72.64 ± 40.13	0.328
HCO3, mmol/L	22–26	64, 68.1	23.28 ± 5.49	30, 31.9	24.32 ± 5.04	0.381
FiO2, %	–	86, 57.0	79.7 ± 23.77	65, 43.0	53.0 ± 23.06	< 0.001*
PaO2/FiO2	> 400	71, 65.7	89.53 ± 61.82	37, 34.3	140.61 ± 88.13	0.001*
Baseline QT interval, ms	< 430(M), < 450(F)	21, 22.6	449.90 ± 27.72	72, 77.4	446.38 ± 27.56	0.607
Temp, °C	–	96, 25.0	37.35 ± 0.92	288, 75.0	37.44 ± 0.93	0.458
SpO2, %	95–100	112, 24.6	81.23 ± 13.44	343, 75.4	90.98 ± 7.67	< 0.001*
sBP, mmHg	–	110, 25.1	130.89 ± 22.49	329, 74.9	131.25 ± 21.84	0.884
dBP, mmHg	–	110, 25.1	74.82 ± 14.60	328, 74.9	76.88 ± 12.35	0.149
Pulse, bpm	–	103, 26.5	96.2 ± 18.42	285, 73.5	96.06 ± 19.10	0.692
Respiratory rate, rpm	–	44, 29.1	29.39 ± 12.37	106, 70.9	25.00 ± 6.92	0.006*
Duration from symptoms onset to admission date	Days	54, 24.3	4.54 ± 2.951	168, 75.7	6.09 ± 4.74	0.024*
Duration from symptoms onset to respiratory distress	Days	54, 32.9	4.24 ± 3.18	110, 76.1	6.73 ± 5.00	0.001*

*Significant result

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