Table 5 Bivariate analysis of factors associated with early initiation of breast-feeding
Evaluated factor | No | Yes | Total | χ2 | p value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Age (years) | n (%) | n (%) | |||
18–30 | 158 (64.75) | 86 (35.25) | 244 | ||
31–40 | 87 (72.5) | 33 (27.5) | 120 | 2.61 | 0.272 |
41 + | 7 (58.33) | 5 (41.67) | 12 | ||
Marital status | |||||
Married | 193 (70.44) | 81 (29.56) | 274 | ||
Single | 47 (58.75) | 33 (41.25) | 80 | 6.18 | 0.103 |
Separated | 8 (61.54) | 5 (38.46) | 13 | ||
Widow | 4 (44.44) | 5 (55.56) | 9 | ||
Level of education | |||||
Certificate | 86 (59.31) | 59 (40.69) | 145 | ||
Diploma | 108 (70.13) | 46 (29.87) | 154 | 8.77 | 0.03* |
Bachelor’s | 52 (73.24) | 19 (26.76) | 71 | ||
Master’s | 6 (100) | 0 (0.00) | 6 | ||
Income level (UgX) | |||||
1–500,000 | 91 (58.33) | 65 (41.67) | 156 | ||
500,001–1,000,000 | 90 (66.67) | 45 (33.33) | 135 | 15.82 | 0.001* |
1,000,001–1,500,000 | 40 (83.33) | 8 (16.67) | 48 | ||
1,500,000 + | 31 (83.79) | 6 (16.21) | 37 | ||
Number of children | |||||
< 2 children | 74 (61.16) | 47 (38.84) | 121 | 2.78 | 0.096 |
≥ 2 children | 178 (69.80) | 77 (30.20) | 255 | ||
ANC visits | |||||
< 4times | 5 (41.67) | 7 (58.33) | 12 | ||
4 times and above | 247 (67.87) | 117 (32.14) | 364 | 3.61 | 0.058 |
Place of delivery | |||||
Health facility | 221 (65) | 119 (35) | 340 | 6.56 | 0.010* |
Home | 31 (86.11) | 5 (13.89) | 36 | ||
Mode of delivery | |||||
Caesarian | 43 (44.79) | 53 (55.21) | 96 | 28.82 | 0.000* |
Normal | 209 (74.64) | 71 (25.36) | 280 | ||
Ever received breast-feeding counseling | |||||
Yes | 211 (68.95) | 95 (31.05) | 306 | 2.78 | 0.096 |
No | 40 (57.14) | 30 (42.86) | 70 | ||
Type of employer | |||||
Government | 142 (73.20) | 52 (26.80) | 194 | 6.91 | 0.009* |
Private | 110 (60.44) | 72 (39.56) | 182 | ||
Working hours | |||||
Up to 8 h | 164 (72.89) | 61 (27.11) | 225 | 8.26 | 0.004* |
Above 8 h | 88 (58.67) | 62 (41.33) | 150 | ||
Distance to workplace | |||||
Less than 2 kms | 92 (73.06) | 34 (26.94) | 126 | ||
2–5 kms | 98 (64.90) | 53 (35.10) | 151 | 3.22 | 0.200 |
More than 5 kms | 62 (63.63) | 37 (37.37) | 99 | ||
Have paid maternity leave | |||||
Yes | 227 (70.28) | 96 (29.72) | 323 | 11.00 | 0.001* |
No | 25 (47.17) | 28 (52.83) | 53 | ||
Provision of breast-feeding space | |||||
Yes | 43 (55.84) | 34 (44.16) | 87 | 5.47 | 0.019* |
No | 209 (69.90) | 90 (30.10) | 299 | ||
Breast-feeding break | |||||
Yes | 62 (56.36) | 48 (43.64) | 110 | 7.99 | 0.005* |
No | 190 (71.43) | 76 (28.57) | 266 | ||
Knowledge | |||||
Good | 247 (67.12) | 121 (32.88) | 368 | 0.076 | 0.783 |
Poor | 5 (62.5) | 3 (37.5) | 8 | ||
Attitude | |||||
Positive | 245 (70.61) | 102 (29.39) | 347 | 24.45 | 0.000* |
Negative | 7 (25.00) | 21 (75.00) | 28 |