Table 3 Parent-reported cases of hay fever among children from 2013 to 2018 by frequency (in thousands)

Total cases

6558 (8.9)

6124 (8.4)

6132 (8.4)

5536 (7.5)

5627 (7.6)

5248 (7.2)

Sex

 Male

3571 (9.5)

3488 (9.3)

3523 (9.4)

3060 (8.2)

3001 (8.0)

2925 (7.9)

 Female

2987 (8.3)

2636 (7.4)

2609 (7.3)

2476 (6.9)

2626 (7.3)

2323 (6.4)

 P value

 < .0001

 < .0001

 < .0001

 < .0001

0.0003

 < .0001

Age group (years)

 0–4

840 (4.2)

669 (3.4)

858 (4.3)

587 (2.9)

659 (3.4)

623 (3.2)

 5–11

2783 (9.7)

2550 (9.0)

2569 (8.9)

2288 (8.0)

2278 (7.9)

2054 (7.0)

 12–17

2935 (11.9)

2905 (11.7)

2705 (10.9)

2661 (10.7)

2690 (10.8)

2571 (10.5)

 P value

 < .0001

 < .0001

 < .0001

 < .0001

 < .0001

 < .0001

Race

 White

5047 (9.2)

4560 (8.4)

4573 (8.4)

4165 (7.7)

4430 (8.2)

3979 (7.4)

 Black or African American

822 (7.6)

774 (7.1)

846 (7.9)

641 (6.1)

577 (5.3)

605 (5.7)

 American Indian or Alaska Native Asian

33 (3.9)

93 (10.0*)

46 (5.5)

*(*)

*(*)

*(*)

Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander

244 (6.7)

308 (8.4)

266 (6.9)

204 (5.3)

267 (6.2)

285 (6.9)

* (*)

- (*)

* (*)

* (*)

* (*)

* (*)

 Two or more races

407 (12.5)

389 (11.9)

397 (12.3)

419 (11.7)

332 (9.4)

349 (9.2)

 Missing values

5

4

107

30

 P value

 < .0001

 < .0001

 < .0001

 < .0001

 < .0001

 < .0001

Hispanic or Latino origin:

 Hispanic or Latino origin

1225 (7.0)

1202 (6.8)

1365 (7.6)

1139 (6.3)

878 (4.8)

1091 (5.9)

 Not Hispanic or Latino

5333 (9.5)

4922 (8.8)

4766 (8.6)

4397 (7.9)

4749 (8.6)

4157 (7.6)

 Missing values

 P value

 < .0001

 < .0001

 < .0001

 < .0001

 < .0001

 < .0001

Health insurance coverage

 Private

3865 (9.6)

3762 (9.4)

3681 (9.1)

3260 (8.1)

3817 (9.2)

3318 (8.0)

 Medicaid or other public

2126 (7.9)

1862 (6.9)

2075 (7.5)

1818 (6.8)

1493 (5.7)

1503 (5.8)

 Other

159 (8.4)

130 (7.4)

167 (11.2)

203 (10.4)

151 (6.5)

116 (5.1)

 Uninsured

397 (7.9)

343 (8.2)

186 (5.4)

242 (6.1)

147 (3.4)

299 (7.6)

 Missing values

11

27

23

13

19

12

 P value

 < .0001

 < .0001

 < .0001

 < .0001

 < .0001

 < .0001

Parent’s education level

 Less than a high school diploma

582 (6.5)

458 (5.3)

518 (6.4)

343 (4.5)

353 (4.6)

351 (5.0)

 High school diploma or GED

903 (7.0)

834 (5.9)

743 (5.9)

746 (6.1)

557 (4.7)

590 (4.9)

 More than high school

4834 (9.8)

4665 (9.7)

4644 (9.4)

4228 (8.4)

4522 (8.8)

4131 (8.0)

 Missing values

239

167

227

195

176

 P value

 < .0001

 < .0001

 < .0001

 < .0001

 < .0001

 < .0001

Poverty status

 Poor

1114 (7.5)

945 (6.1)

1027 (7.2)

912 (6.9)

736 (5.9)

616 (5.7)

 Near poor

1173 (7.9)

1238 (7.7)

1182 (7.1)

940 (5.7)

988 (6.2)

1028 (6.7)

 Not poor

3833 (9.9)

3780 (9.9)

3680 (9.4)

3409 (8.3)

3692 (8.7)

3417 (7.7)

 Missing values

438

161

243

275

211

187

 P value

 < .0001

 < .0001

 < .0001

 < .0001

 < .0001

 < .0001

Region

 Northeast

1043 (9.1)

728 (6.6)

962 (8.4)

886 (6.7)

969 (7.4)

701 (6.1)

 Midwest

1520 (9.1)

1407 (8.5)

1371 (8.2)

1011 (6.4)

1239 (7.8)

1111 (7.3)

 South

2418 (8.7)

2293 (8.2)

2203 (7.9)

2102 (7.9)

1810 (6.7)

1723 (6.1)

 West

1576 (9.1)

1696 (9.6)

1596 (9.2)

1535 (8.8)

1609 (9.2)

1713 (9.1)

 Missing values

1

2

 P value

0.260

 < .0001

0.0003

 < .0001

 < .0001

 < .0001