Phytochemical compositions and insecticidal efficacy of four agro-waste used as biological control of cowpea beetle, Callosobruchus maculatus (Fab.) [Coleoptera: Bruchidae]

Bulletin of the National Research Centre

Table 3 Lethal doses (LD₅₀ and LD₉₀) of agro-waste powders against C. maculatus

Agro waste		Exposure time (Hours) (Lower—Upper Confidence Limit)
Agro waste		24	48	72	96
Rice husk	LD₅₀	0.34 (0.27–0.40)	0.27 (0.21–0.35)	0.16 (0.08–0.21)	0.09 (0.03–0.14)
Rice husk	LD₉₀	7.67 (1.98–15.82)	3.45 (1.63–19.03)	2.71 (1.15–41.12)	2.52 (1.42–7.73)
Groundnut pod	LD₅₀	0.23 (0.15–0.31)	0.23 (0.17–0.30)	0.17 (0.03–0.18)	0.12 (0.07–0.15)
Groundnut pod	LD₉₀	6.76 (2.17–10.32)	4.63 (1.32–7.50)	3.84 (1.53–5.44)	1.38 (0.79–5.33)
Cowpea pod	LD₅₀	0.21 (0.13–0.28)	0.20 (0.15–0.26)	0.12 (0.12–0.20)	0.09 (0.04–0.13)
Cowpea pod	LD₉₀	6.38 (2.07–10.60)	2.92 (1.40–16.31)	1.51 (0.93–4.03)	1.17 (0.74–2.97)
Maize cob	LD₅₀	0.37 (0.29–0.52)	0.27 (0.21–0.35)	0.19 (0.11–0.26)	0.14 (0.07–0.19)
Maize cob	LD₉₀	5.97 (1.97–9.66)	4.47 (1.98–7.90)	3.45 (1.63–19.03)	2.97 (1.32–27.12)