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Bulletin of the National Research Centre
Fig. 1 | Bulletin of the National Research Centre

Fig. 1

From: COVID-19 vaccines: their effectiveness against the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and its emerging variants

Fig. 1

Life cycle of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2). In the inset, the structure of SARS-CoV-2 is shown. The release of viral RNA takes place upon the viral entry, followed by the replication of viral RNA leading to the formation of subgenomic RNAs of which one category may encode the viral spike (S) protein (Drosten et al. 2003; Ksiazek et al. 2003; Noor and Maniha 2020). After translation within the ribosomes, the newly synthesized S protein migrates to the lumen of endoplasmic reticulum (ER); and new virus particles generate through budding into the lumen of the ER-Golgi intermediate compartment (ERGIC) (Kahn and McIntosh 2005). With the action of exocytosis, the virions get released; and subsequently the S protein is matured into SI and S2 subunits in the trans-Golgi network (TGN) instigated by the cellular protease, furin (Kahn and McIntosh 2005)

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