Evaluation of antioxidant, phytochemicals and antibacterial potential of Mormordica charantia (Linn) against pathogenic bacteria isolated from ready to eat food sold in Akure Metropolis, Nigeria

Ibisanmi, Tope Abraham; Aribisala, Jamiu Olaseni

doi:10.1186/s42269-022-00759-3

Bulletin of the National Research Centre

Table 3 Antibiotic susceptibility pattern result of Gram negative bacterial isolates from RTE food sold in Akure metropolis

From: Evaluation of antioxidant, phytochemicals and antibacterial potential of Mormordica charantia (Linn) against pathogenic bacteria isolated from ready to eat food sold in Akure Metropolis, Nigeria

Isolate					Antibiotics	(MM)
	CPX(mm) S ≥ 21 I = 16–20 R ≤ 15	AM(mm) S ≥ 23 I = 14–22 R ≤ 13	AU(mm) S ≥ 18 I = 14–17 R ≤ 13	CN(mm) S ≥ 15 I = 13–14 R ≤ 12	PEF (mm) S ≥ 24 I = 16–23 R ≤ 15	OFX(mm) S ≥ 21 I = 16–20 R ≤ 15	S (mm) S ≥ 15 I = 13–14 R ≤ 12	SXT(mm) S ≥ 17 I = 11–16 R ≤ 10	CH(mm) S ≥ 18 I = 13–17 R ≤ 12	SP (mm) S ≥ 25 I = 16–23 R ≤ 15
Salmonella enterica subsp enterica	22 ± 0.29^g	5 ± 0.33^a	19 ± 0.29^e	18 ± 0.17^h	24 ± 0.17^d	22 ± 0.29^e	14 ± 0.29^c	11 ± 0.29^b	17 ± 0.29^e	22 ± 0.29^e
Enterobacter sakzakii	21 ± 0.29^f	21 ± 0.29^e	18 ± 0.29^d	17 ± 0.29^g	23 ± 0.17^c	4 ± 0.33^a	15 ± 0.17^d	12 ± 0.17^b	13 ± 0.29^b	24 ± 0.29^g
Escherichia vulneris	17 ± 0.17^c	21 ± 0.17^e	16 ± 0.29^c	15 ± 0.17^e	23 ± 0.29^c	21 ± 0.17^d	17 ± 0.29^f	20 ± 0.29^g	17 ± 0.29^e	20 ± 0.17^c
Pectobacterium carotovorum	14 ± 0.29^b	15 ± 0.17^b	15 ± 0.17^b	13 ± 0.17^c	24 ± 0.29^d	22 ± 0.29^e	13 ± 0.29^b	15 ± 0.29^f	18 ± 0.29^f	24 ± 0.17^g
Escherichia coli	0 ± 0^a	22 ± 0.29^c	7 ± 0.28^a	14 ± 0.17^d	23 ± 0.17^c	19 ± 0.17^c	16 ± 0.17^e	17 ± 0.17^g	15 ± 0.29^c	19 ± 0.17^b
Serratia liquefaciens	14 ± 0.29^b	18 ± 0.29^d	20 ± 0.29^f	16 ± 0.29^f	22 ± 0.44^bc	22 ± 0.29^e	13 ± 0.29^b	19 ± 0.17^h	17 ± 0.29^e	20 ± 0.29^c
Enteric group 69	18 ± 0.17^d	3 ± 0.17^a	16 ± 0.29^c	16 ± 0.29^f	22 ± 0.29^b	19 ± 0.29^c	13 ± 0.29^b	19 ± 0.29^h	18 ± 0.17^ef	21 ± 0.29^d
Enterobacter nimipressuralis	22 ± 0.17^g	23 ± 0.17^e	19 ± 0.29^e	15 ± 0.17^e	25 ± 0.29^e	25 ± 0.29	19 ± 0.17^g	21 ± 0.17ⁱ	22 ± 0.17^h	24 ± 0.29^f
klebsiella pnuemoniae	21 ± 0.17^f	22 ± 0.17^d	21 ± 0.17^g	17 ± 0.17^g	23 ± 0.17^c	25 ± 0.29^f	19 ± 0.17^g	20 ± 0.29	20 ± 0.17^g	23 ± 0.17^f
Citrobacter freundii	20 ± 0.17^e	24 ± 0.29^h	21 ± 0.29^g	17 ± 0.29^g	23 ± 0.17^c	21 ± 0.29^d	20 ± 0.29^h	13 ± 0.29^c	16 ± 0.29^d	20 ± 0.17^c
Salmonella typhi	22 ± 0.29^g	23 ± 0.29^g	23 ± 0.17^h	13 ± 0.17^b	23 ± 0.29^c	16 ± 0.17^b	21 ± 0.29ⁱ	14 ± 0.29^d	19 ± 0.29^g	23 ± 0.29^f
Kluyveria intermedia	0 ± 0^a	1 ± 0^a	0 ± 0^a	0 ± 0^a	0 ± 0^a	2 ± 0^a	0 ± 0^a	4 ± 0^a	2 ± 0^a	5 ± 0^a

OFX = Ofloxacin (10 µg), PEF = Pefloxacin (30 µg), CPX = Ciprofloxacin (30 µg), AU = Augmentin (10 µg), CN = Gentamycin (30 µg), S = Streptomycin (30 µg), SXT = Septrin (30 µg), AM = Amoxicillin (30 µg), CH = Chloramphenicol (30 µg), SP = Sparfloxacin (30 µg). R = resistant, I = intermediate and S = susceptible according to the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI, 2018). Values are expressed in mean ± SEM. Means of antibiotic without a common superscript letters differ P < 0.05 was considered to be statistically significant

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