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Table 1 Effect of palm oil fractions on levels of malondialdehyde (MDA) in tissue and serum of rats administered cadmium (μmol ml−1)

From: Palm oil extracts protected against cadmium chloride poisoning via inhibition of oxidative stress in rats

Tissues

Experimental groups

1

2

3

4

5

6

Twelve hours

Liver

0.59 ± 0.03a

1.33 ± 0.12b

1.21 ± 0.18bd

0.87 ± 0.02c

1.24 ± 0.04bd

1.08 ± 0.10 cd

Kidney

0.70 ± 0.08a

1.27 ± 0.02b

0.94 ± 0.19ab

0.89 ± 0.12a

0.95 ± 0.22ab

0.96 ± 0.14ab

Heart

0.54 ± 0.27a

1.34 ± 0.22b

1.12 ± 0.08b

0.77 ± 0.11a

1.04 ± 0.04b

1.14 ± 0.09b

Brain

0.44 ± 0.15

0.48 ± 0.10

0.51 ± 0.11

0.47 ± 0.08

0.51 ± 0.19

0.39 ± 0.24

Muscle

0.63 ± 0.06a

0.83 ± 0.12ab

0.81 ± 0.15ab

0.84 ± 0.09ab

0.78 ± 0.08ab

0.87 ± 0.07b

Serum

0.56 ± 0.05a

0.92 ± 0.05b

0.73 ± 0.11c

0.82 ± 0.06b

0.71 ± 0.03c

0.82 ± 0.06b

Twenty four hours

Liver

0.85 ± 0.09a

2.72 ± 0.15b

1.55 ± 0.17c

1.40 ± 0.39c

1.76 ± 0.13c

1.12 ± 0.06ac

Kidney

0.82 ± 0.11a

2.85 ± 0.11b

1.17 ± 0.32a

1.08 ± 0.20a

1.00 ± 0.13a

1.04 ± 0.16a

Heart

0.54 ± 0.13a

2.71 ± 0.22b

1.40 ± 0.16c

1.41 ± 0.18c

1.50 ± 0.16c

1.66 ± 0.09c

Brain

0.49 ± 0.07

0.58 ± 0.19

0.64 ± 0.14

0.69 ± 1.00

0.46 ± 0.23

0.46 ± 0.29

Muscle

0.49 ± 0.05a

0.71 ± 0.12ab

0.68 ± 0.09ab

0.82 ± 0.08b

0.53 ± 0.09a

0.61 ± 0.06bc

Serum

0.63 ± 0.10a

1.52 ± 0.84b

0.83 ± 0.25ac

0.76 ± 0.04ac

0.99 ± 0.07c

0.86 ± 0.17ac

Forty eight hours

Liver

0.70 ± 1.07a

2.87 ± 0.16b

1.69 ± 0.81c

1.34 ± 0.18d

1.91 ± 0.11c

1.69 ± 0.08c

Kidney

0.72 ± 0.08a

2.80 ± 0.11b

1.45 ± 0.17c

1.35 ± 0.22c

1.76 ± 0.06d

1.18 ± 0.67c

Heart

0.54 ± 0.06a

2.67 ± 0.17b

1.46 ± 0.16c

1.51 ± 0.09c

1.46 ± 0.09c

1.70 ± 0.14c

Brain

0.43 ± 0.03a

0.93 ± 0.08b

0.66 ± 0.03c

0.75 ± 0.08c

0.53 ± 0.08c

0.63 ± 0.07c

Muscle

0.51 ± 0.05a

0.83 ± 0.05b

0.73 ± 0.07b

0.79 ± 0.06b

0.51 ± 0.05a

0.55 ± 0.07a

Serum

0.64 ± 0.06a

1.57 ± 0.06b

0.78 ± 0.07a

0.88 ± 0.07ad

0.99 ± 0.09c

0.96 ± 0.07 cd

  1. All values are expressed as Mean ± SD, values sharing different alphabet superscript on the same row showed a significant difference
  2. Key: 1 = Control, 2 = CdCl2, 3 = CF + CdCl2, 4  = GF + CdCl2, 5 = BF + CdCl2, 6 = UF + CdCl2