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Plant type
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Herbaceous, perennial, seed propagated, and vegetatively propagated
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Height of the plant
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In frost-free areas
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Up to 3.1 m
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In cooler regions
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About 1.8 m
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Stem
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Stem sub woody at the base
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No characteristic taste and odor
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Leaves
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Number of leaves
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Usually 15–20
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Color of leaves
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Dark green
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Arrangement
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Alternate and Spiral arrangement
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Length
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5.7–7.5 cm
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Shape
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Sessile or sub-sessile
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Leaf blade
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Oblong or lanceolate
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Dorsal surface texture
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Silky instances
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Ventral surface texture
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Silky and pubescent
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Petiole
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5–7 mm
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Leaf sheath
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Coriaceous (leathery texture)
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Ligule
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Absent
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Taste and odor
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No characteristic taste and odor
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Inflorescence
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Type of inflorescence
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Spike (dense spike) 5- 12.5 by 3.8- 7.5 cm
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Flower color
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Large, white, and clustered in terminal globose heads
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Bracts
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2–3.2 cm long, ovate, acuminate, often pungently mucronate, large, bright red, or shiny brown in color
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Bracteole
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Pale red, Solitary below the calyx, and 1.6 mm long
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Calyx
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Red, 3.2 cm long, lobes 6 mm long, and deltoid-ovate cuspidate
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Corolla
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Corolla tube as long as the calyx; lobes ovate-oblong, apiculate, the lateral lobes 3.5 by 1.3 cm, and the dorsal 4 by 2 cm
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Taste and odor
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Characteristic taste and odor
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Labellum
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White, trumpet-shaped, toothed, and crisped apex, overlapping edges
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Stamen
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Crest yellow stamens, petaloid, and globose single stamen, the style running between the two halves of the large anther
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Fruit
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Globosely trigonous red-colored capsule
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Seeds
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Black and glossy approximately 3 mm black, five in number with a white fleshy aril
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