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Table 1 A comparison between S-glass and E-glass fibers, composition and properties. (Meriç et al. 2005; Chong and Chai 2003; Vallittu 1998)

From: Glass fiber-reinforced composites in dentistry

Point of comparison

S-glass fibers

E-glass fibers

Structure

Amorphous (not crystalline)

Amorphous (not crystalline)

Chemical composition

SiO2 (62–65 wt%), Al2O3 (20–25 wt%), MgO (10%), B2O (< 1 wt%)

SiO2 (53–55 wt%), CaO (20-24 wt%), MgO (20–24 wt%), B2O (6–9 wt%), Al2O3 (14-16 wt%)

Density

2.485–2.495 g/cm3

2.55–2.6 g/cm3

Tensile strength

4700–4800 MPa

1950-2050 MPa

Elastic modulus

86–93 GPa

72–85 GPa

Hardness

5000–6000 MPa

3000–6000 MPa

Endurance limit

4050–4410 MPa

2970–3110 MPa

Fracture toughness

0.5–1 MPa m½

0.5–1 MPa m½