Evaluation of surface roughness and Vickers microhardness of various nano-herbal extracts on demineralized dentin and their bactericidal efficacy with 970-nm wavelength diode laser irradiation

Bulletin of the National Research Centre

Table 2 The mean, standard deviation (SD) values of Vickers surface microhardness of different test groups

Variables	Vickers surface microhardness
	No laser (0)		Laser (1)		p value
	Mean	SD	Mean	SD	p value
Control (A)	36.55 ^eB	1.38	40.38 ^eA	0.17	0.009*
MI Plus (B)	54.00 ^aB	0.90	69.70 ^aA	0.62	< 0.001*
Clove (C)	50.70 ^bB	0.62	64.92 ^bA	0.73	< 0.001*
Turmeric (D)	43.85 ^cB	0.56	61.05 ^cA	0.24	< 0.001*
Garlic (E)	40.32 ^dB	0.48	55.09 ^dA	0.34	< 0.001*
p value	< 0.001*		< 0.001*

Means with different small letters in the same column indicate significant difference, means with different capital letters in the same row indicate significant difference *; significant (p < 0.05)