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Table 2 Compared the influence of nano- and normal bioactive compounds on apoptosis, 8-OHdG, ErbB-2, plasma estrogen, lipid peroxide and total antioxidant (prevention experiment)

From: Biochemical differences between nano- and normal formulation of tamoxifen and other natural bioactive materials ameliorate breast cancer in experimental rats

Group

Rat apoptosis inducing factor

Pg/ml

8-OHdG

ng/L

ErbB-2

pg/ml

Plasma estrogen

pg/ml

Lipid peroxide

nmol/ml

Total antioxidant

mM/L

Nanoyeast(I)

Mean ± SE**

33.67 ± 5.98

6.67 ± 0.025

764.5 ± 36.02

106.37 ± 3.92

28.18 ± 1.22

0.775 ± 0.019

Normal yeast(V)

Mean ± SE**

19 ± 3.3

5.7 ± 0.14

578.7 ± 20.6

126.5 ± 1.73

8.9 ± 0.22

0.85 ± 0.014

P-value

P < 0.05

P < 0.0005

P < 0.005

P < 0.0005

P < 0.0005

P < 0.005

Nanotamoxifen (II)

Mean ± SE**

44.3 ± 8.04

1.76 ± 0.143

1013 ± 63.6

100.5 ± 5.99

28.1 ± 0.45

0.72 ± 0.052

Normal tamoxifen (VI)

Mean ± SE

26 ± 2.8

6 ± 0.15

1593 ± 130.8

123 ± 1.89

11.4 ± 0.59

0.77 ± 0.02

P-value

P < 0.05

P < 0.0005

P < 0.005

P < 0.005

P < 0.0005

N.S

Nanoisoflavone (III)

Mean ± SE**

89.4 ± 20.5

6.5 ± 0.03

589.3 ± 22.86

95.2 ± 4.07

27.1 ± 2.37

0.75 ± 0.011

Normal isoflavone (VII)

Mean ± SE**

25.2 ± 3.11

6.7 ± 0.02

626 ± 16.15

126.7 ± 3.76

17.4 ± 0.48

0.73 ± 0.011

P-value

P < 0.01

P < 0.0005

N.S

P < 0.0005

P < 0.005

N.S

Nanosilymarin (IV)

Mean ± SE**

22.1 ± 6.13

4.8 ± 0.27

586.5 ± 21.6

101.8 ± 6.67

15.7 ± 1.16

0.78 ± 0.02

Normal silymarin (VIII)

Mean ± SE**

20.8 ± 1.17

6.1 ± 0.03

849.5 ± 63.8

136.8 ± 1.25

14.8 ± 1.28

0.84 ± 0.014

P-value

N.S

P < 0.0005

P < 0.005

P < 0.0005

N.S

P < 0.025

  1. **A significant elevation in apoptosis and lipid peroxide levels were observed in the nanoprevention groups (group 1(yeast), group 2 (tamoxifen), and group 4 (isoflavone)) as opposed to the same normal prevention groups. The findings demonstrated a substantial reduction in the level of 8-OHdG in group 2 (nanotamoxifen), group 4 (nanoisoflavone), and group 3 (nanosilymarin) compared with the same normal prevention groups. On the contrary, the substantial of plasma 8-OHdG was matched in group 1 (nanoyeast) in comparison with the same normal group. The findings demonstrated a substantial reduction in estrogen levels in all nanoprevention groups in comparison with the same normal groups. The ErbB-2 level displayed a large elevation in group 1 (nanoyeast) in comparison with group 5 (normal yeast). The findings demonstrated a substantial decrease in the ErbB-2 level in each of group 2 (nanotamoxifen) in comparison with group 6 (normal tamoxifen), and group 4 (nanoisoflavone) when as compared group 8 (normal isoflavone). Total antioxidant findings demonstrated a large reduction for each of group 1 (nanoyeast) relative to group 5 (normal yeast) and group 4 (nanoisoflavone) in comparison with group 8 (normal isoflavone)