TY - JOUR AU - Hameed, Yasir AU - Usman, Muhammad AU - Ahmad, Mukhtiar PY - 2020 DA - 2020/10/31 TI - Does mouse mammary tumor-like virus cause human breast cancer? Applying Bradford Hill criteria postulates JO - Bulletin of the National Research Centre SP - 183 VL - 44 IS - 1 AB - The role of mouse mammary tumor-like virus (MMTV-like virus) in human breast cancer (BC) has already been widely investigated worldwide with conflicting results. Although the researchers tried to establish the link between MMTV-like virus and BC through the statistical meta-analysis of the previous studies associating MMTV-like virus with BC, they failed to establish a more reliable link due to the shortcomings of the statistical meta-analysis. In the present study, we identified population-wide studies relating MMTV-like virus with BC through the PubMed search engine. Then, we examined the available data of MMTV-like virus prevalence in BC, normal/benign samples, and applied the postulates of Bradford Hill criteria on the available evidence to investigate the association between MMTV-like virus and BC. In addition, to further enhance the reliability of our outcomes, we have also evaluated the methodologies of the previous studies to address the possibility of false-negative and false-positive results. SN - 2522-8307 UR - https://doi.org/10.1186/s42269-020-00439-0 DO - 10.1186/s42269-020-00439-0 ID - Hameed2020 ER -