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Table 8 Carbohydrate, protein, and oil percentage in the yielded seeds of quinoa plants treated with proline or trehalose with (+) and without (−) compost amendment under salinity stress (average of two seasons)

From: Physiological and biochemical role of proline, trehalose, and compost on enhancing salinity tolerance of quinoa plant

Salinity (mg/L)

Treatment, mM

Carbohydrate %

Protein %

Oil %

−

+

−

+

−

+

0

Control

56.95

60.73

13.35

13.92

6.37

6.56

Proline

0.5

60.86

61.15

14.58

15.19

6.52

7.16

1.0

62.47

61.89

15.77

16.34

6.83

7.94

Trehalose

2.5

60.73

63.14

16.76

14.98

7.45

6.77

5.0

63.41

65.32

17.24

19.03

7.65

9.45

3000

Control

53.15

52.18

11.42

11.88

5.12

6.01

Proline

0.5

54.73

54.82

13.51

13.96

5.98

6.52

1.0

55.37

55.25

14.77

14.84

6.54

6.88

Trehalose

2.5

53.64

53.89

13.38

14.15

6.61

6.68

5.0

57.32

56.85

15.90

16.93

7.13

7.45

6000

Control

45.92

49.27

9.04

10.77

4.75

5.12

Proline

0.5

47.53

51.53

9.96

11.83

5.07

5.86

1.0

49.72

52.87

10.32

12.65

5.44

6.23

Trehalose

2.5

47.13

49.32

11.88

11.08

5.04

5.21

5.0

51.03

55.30

12.67

14.01

6.17

6.85

LSD at 5%

1.75

0.35

0.16