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Table 2 Total content of Co in soil and plant parts in milligrams per kilogram (flax second planting season)

From: Phytoremediation of some heavy metals in contaminated soil

Treatment

Second planting season (flax)

Soil additive

Foliar spraying

Shoot

Root

Whole plant

Soil after second planting

Remediated fraction

Remediation (%)

Double season phytoremediation (%)

BCF shoot

BCF root

BCF whole plant

Sulfur

Humic acid

0.81a

1.96a

2.77a

9.68l

3.90a

28.72a

54.66a

0.084a

0.202a

0.286a

Sulfur

Gibberellin

0.68b

1.73b

2.41b

10.73j

2.45i

18.59i

49.74c

0.063b

0.161b

0.225b

Sulfur

Control

0.62c

1.02d

1.64c

10.25k

3.70d

26.52b

51.99b

0.060c

0.100d

0.160c

Compost

Humic acid

0.20h

1.22c

1.42d

11.74d

3.76b

24.26d

45.01i

0.017g

0.104c

0.121d

Compost

Gibberellin

0.47d

0.14l

0.61h

11.62e

3.47f

23.00e

45.57h

0.040d

0.012l

0.052g

Compost

Control

0.17j

0.34h

0.51i

11.18h

3.74c

25.07c

47.63e

0.015h

0.030h

0.046h

Control

Humic acid

0.45e

0.90e

1.35e

11.03i

2.32h

17.38j

48.34d

0.041d

0.082e

0.122d

Control

Gibberellin

0.42f

0.60f

1.02f

11.48f

1.77j

13.36l

46.23g

0.037e

0.052f

0.089e

Control

Control

0.30g

0.49g

0.79g

11.25g

2.31h

16.97k

47.31f

0.027f

0.044g

0.070f

Vermiculite

Humic acid

0.16k

0.29i

0.45j

13.21b

3.31g

20.04h

38.13k

0.012j

0.022i

0.034i

Vermiculite

Gibberellin

0.13l

0.21k

0.34l

13.40a

3.51e

20.76g

37.24l

0.010k

0.016k

0.025k

Vermiculite

Control

0.18i

0.23j

0.41k

13.08c

3.73c

22.19f

38.74j

0.014i

0.018j

0.031j

Mean

0.38

0.76

1.14

11.55

3.16

21.41

45.88

0.03

0.07

0.11

Minimum

0.13

0.14

0.34

9.68

1.77

13.36

37.24

0.010

0.012

0.034

Maximum

0.81

1.96

2.77

13.40

3.90

28.72

54.66

0.084

0.202

0.286

  1. Values with different letters in a column are significantly different at the 0.05 level
  2. Italics, calculated mean, minimum, and maximum