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Table 1 Mixtures of insecticides/salicylic acid used in the field experiments and their application rates

From: Effect of some insecticides alone and in combination with salicylic acid against aphid, Aphis gossypii, and whitefly Bemisia tabaci on the cotton field

Treatments

Mixture (mixed tank)

Rate of application/20 LW

Control (untreated check)

Water

20 ml ethyl alcohol

Salicylic acid (SA) 0.5 mM

Salicylic acid

10 ml (1 mol)*

SA 0.75 mM

Salicylic acid

15 ml(1 mol)

SA 1 mM

Salicylic acid

20 ml (1 mol)

Imidacloprid (Imd)

Imidacloprid at 100% of the recommended rate

15 ml Imidacloprid

Imd + SA 0.5 mM

Imidacloprid at 75% of recommended rate + SA 0.5 mM

11 ml Imidacloprid + 10 ml SA (1 mol)

Imd + SA 0.75 mM

Imidacloprid at 75% of recommended rate + SA 0.75 mM

11 ml Imidacloprid + 15 ml SA (1 mol)

Imd + SA 1 mM

Imidacloprid at 75% of recommended rate + SA 1 mM

11 ml Imidacloprid + 20 ml SA (1 mol)

Cyhalothrin (Cyh)

Cyhalothrin at 100% of recommended rate

37.5 ml Cyhalothrin

Cyh + SA 0.5 mM

Cyhalothrin at 75% of recommended rate + SA 0.5 mM

25 ml Cyhalothrin + 10 ml SA (1 mol)

Cyh + SA 0.75 mM

Cyhalothrin at 75% of recommended rate + SA 0.75 mM

25 ml Cyhalothrin + 15 ml SA (1 mol)

Cyh + SA 1 mM

Cyhalothrin at 75% of recommended rate + SA 1 mM

25 ml Cyhalothrin + 20 ml SA (1 mol)

Profenofos (Prf)

Profenofos at 100% of the recommended rate

75 ml Profenofos

Prf + SA 0.5 mM

Profenofos at 75% of recommended rate + SA 0.5 mM

50 ml Profenofos + 10 ml (1 mol)

Prf + SA 0.75 mM

Profenofos at 75% of recommended rate + SA 0.75 mM

50 ml Profenofos + 15 ml (1 mol)

Prf + SA 1 mM

Profenofos at 75% of recommended rate + SA 1 mM

50 ml Profenofos + 20 ml(1 mol)

  1. LW liter water. *The molecular weight of the salicylic acid (138 g) was dissolved in 1000 ml ethyl alcohol