Groundwater potentiality and evaluation in the Egyptian Nile Valley: case study from Assiut Governorate using hydrochemical, bacteriological approach, and GIS techniques

Bulletin of the National Research Centre

Table 3 Groundwater data compared with the maximum permissible concentration for drinking water according to the (WHO Guidelines 2004) and Egyptian limits (Egyptian Higher Committee for Water 2007)

Constituent	Unit	World Health Organization (2004)	Egyptian maximum permissible limits (EHCW 2007	Average concentration range for the studied water samples
pH		6.5–8.5	6.5–8.5	7.55
TDS	ppm	500	1000	950
Na⁺	ppm	200	200	203.5
Ca⁺⁺	ppm	200	–	250
Mg⁺⁺	ppm	150	–	170
K⁺	ppm	30	–	9.25
Cl⁻	ppm	250	250	300
SO₄⁻⁻	ppm	250	–	40
HCO⁻₃	ppm	200	250	226
Fe⁺⁺	ppm	0.3	0.3	0.85
Mn⁺⁺	ppm	0.4	0.4	0.55