Skip to main content

Table 1 Effect of different treatments on the yield of phenolic, flavonoid, and saponin compounds extracted from jojoba hull at room temperature

From: Effective treatments of jojoba and jatropha hulls to obtain phytochemical compounds for industrial, nutritional, and pharmaceutical uses

Treatment 1 g meal:30 ml solvent three times, each time ultrasound for 1 h then soaking 24 h.

Phenolic extract mg/g ± SD

Flavonoid extract μ/g ± SD

Saponin extract μ/g ± SD

Ethanol:1 N HCl

70:30

13.4 ± 0.01

11.7 ± 0.02

253.94 ± 0.01

Ethanol:0.5 N HCl

70:30

12.9 ± 0.03

12.6 ± 0.01

204.95 ± 0.02

Ethanol: 1 N NaOH

70:30

12.7 ± 0.02

8.1 ± 0.04

180.72 ± 0.10

Ethanol:0.5 N NaOH

70:30

11.1 ± 0.20

6.3 ± 0.03

135.45 ± 0.01

1 N NaOH

47.6 ± 0.05

27.9 ± 0.10

431.81 ± 0.03

0.5 N NaOH

37.7 ± 0.03

19.8 ± 0.01

504.77 ± 0.02

1 N HCl

1.3 ± 0.04

1.35 ± 0.05

ND

0.5 N HCl

1.2 ± 0.10

ND

ND

1 N NaOH then neutralize with 1 N HCl

62.0 ± 0.05

40.0 ± 0.03

453.6 ± 0.20

0.5 N NaOH then neutralize with 0.5 N HCl

54.8 ± 0.01

32.8 ± 0.02

115.93 ± 0.10

1 N HCl then neutralize with 1 N NaOH

2.9 ± 0.02

4.5 ± 0.01

–

0.5 N HCl then neutralize with 0.5 N NaOH

–

–

–

  1. Results are mean values of three replicates ± standard deviation