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Table 6 Therapeutic effect of P. ovata seed carbohydrates and fixed oil on liver function enzymes of ketoprofen toxicity in rats

From: A therapeutic insight of carbohydrate and fixed oil from Plantago ovata L. seeds against ketoprofen-induced hepatorenal toxicity in rats

Groups

AST(Unit/L)

ALT(Unit/L)

ALP (Unit/L)

Control

53.73e ± 3.88

–

17.82e ± 3.38

–

125.93f ± 5.43

–

P. ovata seed carbohydrates

56.17e ± 2.66

(+ 4.54)

21.90e ± 1.28

(+ 22.89)

134.57f ± 6.86

(+ 6.86)

P. ovata seeds oil

62.02e ± 2.20

(+ 15.43)

22.30e ± 2.69

(+ 25.14)

140.81f ± 8.05

(+ 11.81)

Ketoprofen

147.40a ± 9.16

(+ 174.23)

63.32a ± 2.85

(+ 255.33)

221.56a ± 10.96

(+ 75.93)

Ketoprofen +

P. ovata seed carbohydrates

73.43d ± 7.67

[− 50.18]

37.41d ± 6.07

[− 40.91]

163.43e ± 6.23

[− 26.23]

Ketoprofen +

P. ovata seeds oil

82.81cd ± 8.15

[− 43.81]

46.50c ± 4.89

[− 26.56]

190.93cd ± 11.05

[− 13.82]

Ketoprofen +

Silymarin.

75.94d ± 4.44

[− 48.48]

31.77d ± 3.48

[− 49.82]

181.56d ± 17.71

[− 18.05]

Ketoprofen left 1 week for recovery

106.16b ± 10.19

[− 27.97]

61.47a ± 5.68

[− 2.92]

220.62a ± 7.73

[− 0.42]

Ketoprofen left 2 weeks for recovery

99.43b ± 7.67

[− 32.54]

60.35a ± 4.73

[− 4.70]

209.68ab ± 7.93

[−5.36]

Ketoprofen left 3 weeks for recovery

88.81c ± 9.08

[− 39.74]

53.11b ± 5.51

[− 16.12]

201.87bc ± 10.82

[− 8.88]

  1. Data are mean ± SD of six rats/group
  2. Groups having the same letters are non- significantly different, while those having different letters are significantly different at p < 0.05
  3. Values between brackets are % changes over control group
  4. Values between parentheses are % changes over ketoprofen group