Endophytic fungi | Host plant parts | Secondary metabolites | Bioactive properties | References |
---|---|---|---|---|
Fusarium spp. F. oxysporium, F. equisetii, F. solani, etc. | Roots, stems, and leaves | Taxol, vinblastine, vincristine, rutin, quercetin, gallic acid, caffeic acid | Biocontrol, antimicrobial, and antioxidant activities | |
Aspergillus spp. A. sydowii | Leaves and branches | Saponins, Cajaninstilbene acid (CSA) | Antioxidant activity, therapeutic property | |
Epicoccum nigrum | Leaves | Flavipin-derived alkaloids, epicoccarine, illudalane-derivative, polyketides, diketopiperazines, diterpenes, carotenoids, and siderophores | Anti-inflammatory, antitumor, antibacterial, and antifungal activities | |
Pestalotiopsis P. neglecta | Leaves | Terpenes, cinnamaldehyde, cinnamyl alcohol, and eugenol | Antibacterial, antitumor, anti-inflammatory, cytotoxic, antiviral, antioxidant, activities | Singh and Kumar (2023) |
Lecanicillium aphanocladii | Roots | Polyketide family (oosporein) | Biocontrol, antibacterial activities | Asghari et al. (2023) |
Acremonium spp. | Leaves, stem, and inflorescences of grasses | Xanthurenic acid, valyl aspartic acid, Podophyllotoxin, peptides, and cyclic dipeptides | Biocontrol, antagonistic, antifungal activities | |
Alternaria spp. | Root, leaves, stem | Podophyllotoxin, rutin, quercetin, gallic acid, caffeic acid, and syringic acid | Antimicrobial, antioxidant, anticancer, antiviral, antifungal, antibacterial, and phytotoxic activities | Devi et al. (2023) |
Talaromyces spp. | Roots, stems, and leaves | Trachyspic acid | Antifungal, antibacterial, antitumor, anti-inflammatory activities | Singh and Kumar (2023) |