From: Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus: novel treatment approach breakthroughs
Name of drug | Mechanism of action | Therapeutic effects | Adverse Effects | Clinical phase | Route | Investigators |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Dalbavancin | PG biosynthesis inhibition | Staphylococcus skin infection, surgical site infection | Rash, tachycardia and nephrotoxicity | Phase III | IV | Pfizer (Parasippany, NJ, USA) |
Mupirocin and chlorhexidine | Inhibition of bacteria t- RNA synthesis | MRSA skin infection | Rash, itching/swelling, severe dizziness | Phase III | Body wash, intranasal | Los Angeles biomedical research institute (USA) |
Iclaprim | Inhibition of dihydrofolate reductase | Skin and skin structure infection | Nausea, diarrhea, and headache | Phase III (development terminated) | Â | Acino holding (Switzerland) |
Tedizolid | Bacterial protein synthesis inhibition by targeting the 50Â s ribosomal | Skin and skin structure infection | Nausea, headache, diarrhea, vomiting, and dizziness | Phase III | Oral, IV | Trius Therapeutics (USA) |
Delafloxacin | Bacterial gyrase inhibition | Acute Skin and skin structure infection | Diarrhea, nausea, vomiting, and headache | Phase II | Oral, IV | Rib –X pharmaceutical (ICN) |
Tomopenem | Bacterial cell wall synthesis inhibition | MRSA infection and gram-positive bacterial infections | Dizziness, dyspepsia, and flatulence | Phase II | IV | Daiichi sankyo (Japan) |
Cethromycin | Bacterial protein synthesis inhibition by targeting the 50Â s ribosomal | MRSA infection | Diarrhea, nausea, dysgeusia and headache | Phase III | Oral | Abbott/advance life sciences (USA) |
LBM-415 | Bacterial protein synthesis inhibition by targeting the PDF substance | CA- respiratory tract infection | No adverse effects were observed upon administration of a single 3Â g dose | Phase I (development terminated) | Oral | Novartis |
Lacilex | Enhance the membrane permeability | Diabetic skin infection include MRSA infection | Rash, itching/swelling | Phase II | Topical | Dipexium pharmaceuticals (USA) |
OligoG | Immunomodulation activity | Lung infection in MRSA | Nausea, headache | Phase I | Inhalation | Algi pharma (Norway) |
Oritavancin | PG biosynthesis inhibition | Wound infection with MRSA, Systemic inflammation | Diarrhea, nausea, vomiting, and headache | Phase III | IV | Pfizer (USA) |
Omadacycline | Inhibition of bacterial protein synthesis | Active against MRSA and extended-spectrum β-lactamase-producing positive bacteria | Rash, itching, hoarseness, trouble breathing, trouble swallowing | Phase III | Oral, IV | Paratek Pharmaceuticals, Inc. Boston, MA, USA |